Simultaneously improving flame retardancy and dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy resin nanocomposites through layered copper phenylphosphate

Kong, Qinghong; Wu, Ting; Zhang, Junhao; Wang, De‐Yi

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.10.013

Cited by 157 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…With the addition of H 3 BO 3 , the SPR and TSR values of the composites are decreased, among which, those of PFPUP10B decrease mostly. And the SPR and TSR of PFPUP10B are 0.0038 m 2 /s and 11.9 m 2 /m 2 , decreased by 81.6% and 45.2%, respectively, compared with those of PFPUP8, which is also explained by the barrier effect of protecting char that inhibits the further decomposition of underlying polymeric materials . The CO and CO 2 production rate curves of pure PF and PF composites tested by cone calorimeter are presented in Figure C,D.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and mechanism of polyurethane prepolymer and boric acid co‐modified phenolic foam composite: Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardant properties

Chen

Xu³

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In this work, a new kind of co‐modified phenolic foam was synthesized with polyurethane prepolymer (PUP) and H3BO3 by a simple preparation method. Firstly, in order to determine the optimal amount of PUP, the effects of different PUP additions on the mechanical properties, foam microstructure, and pulverization rate of phenolic foam were investigated. Then H3BO3 was added to toughened phenolic foam, in order to reduce its fire hazard. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the PFPUP8 phenolic foam composite were the best when the PUP content was 8 wt%. It had a small and regular cell structure, and its pulverization ratio was reduced by 80% compared with that of pristine phenolic foam. Meanwhile, the flame retardant properties of PFPUP8 were improved in different degrees with an increase in the amount of H3BO3. Particularly, when the addition of H3BO3 was 10 wt%, the peak heat release rate, the total heat release, and the total smoke release values of PFPUP10B were decreased by 35.4%, 42.4%, and 45.2%, respectively, compared with those of PFPUP8. The value of the limit oxygen index was increased by 33.1%. Besides, the addition of H3BO3 had no adverse effect on the mechanical properties and pulverization ratio of PFPUP8. In addition, the specific mechanisms of toughening, flame retardant, and smoke suppression are also discussed in this paper on the basis of an investigation into the thermal properties of the toughened flame retardant foam composites by thermogravimetric analysis in N2 atmosphere.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and mechanism of polyurethane prepolymer and boric acid co‐modified phenolic foam composite: Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardant properties

Chen

Xu³

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…The char residue weight of the sample OSP2/APP8 is 47.27 wt% at the end of the test. During combustion, a compact char residue layer with high expansion degree forming on the surface of the burning materials acts as a heat insulator, limiting the oxygen diffusion to the substrate and the mass transfer from the underlying materials to the flame . The mechanism of char formation can be explained as APP provides an acid source, which decomposes phosphoric acid at a low temperature, and phosphoric acid reacts with OSP to form a combustible gas and calcium pyrophosphate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic fire safety improvement between oyster shell powder and ammonium polyphosphate in TPU composites

Chen

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In this article, oyster shell powder (OSP) was used as fire safety agent with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites. The synergistic fire safety improvement between OSP and APP was intensively investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94, smoke density test (SDT), and cone calorimeter test (CCT). There is a good synergistic effect of reducing the fire hazards when OSP was used with APP in TPU. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) of the sample with 2.0‐wt% OSP and 8.0‐wt% APP decreased to 86.8 kW/m2 from 175.7 kW/m2 of the sample with only 10.0‐wt% APP. The SDT results showed that the luminous flux of sample OSP2/APP8 was up to 28.9% at the end of experiment with flame, which was much higher than that of pure TPU (1.5%). The thermal stability and thermal decomposition of TPU composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis/Fourier infrared spectrum analysis (TG‐IR). The result revealed the inert gasses (including CO2 and water vapor) produced by the reaction between OSP and APP. A char formed on the surface of composites, hindered the flame spread, reduced the release of combustible gas, and restricted the precursor of smoke into combustion zone.

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“…With attractive characteristic features like good solvent, chemical and corrosion resistance, low shrinkage on cure, high mechanical and tensile strength and modulus, excellent dimensional stability, high adhesion to substrates, good moisture resistance and superior electrical properties, epoxy resins (EPs) are some of the most important thermosetting resins in various fields like adhesives, laminates, paints, composites, surface coatings, potting materials and encapsulants for semiconductor and insulating materials in the electrical and electronic industries . However, one of the main disadvantages is the flammability of EPs, restricting their use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a novel DOPO‐based polyphosphoramide with high char yield and its application in flame‐retardant epoxy resins

Gangireddy

Wang

Kan

et al. 2019

Polymer International

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A novel and highly effective flame retardant (FR), DOPO‐TPMP oligomer, was synthesized by a simple condensation of 4‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2,6,7‐trioxa‐1‐phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐1‐oxide and phosphorus oxychloride followed by a polycondensation reaction with 6‐(2,5‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐6H‐dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine‐6‐oxide. The chemical structure of DOPO‐TPMP was well characterized using Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectra. DOPO‐TPMP was used as an additive‐type FR for epoxy resin (EP). The FR properties of the resultant EP composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, UL‐94 vertical burning test and cone calorimeter measurements. Specifically, the EP composite containing 10.0% DOPO‐TPMP achieved a LOI value of 36.1%, V‐0 rating in the UL‐94 test and a 58% reduction in peak heat release rate. Further mechanism analysis attributed the enhanced flame retardancy to the increased char yield on the addition of DOPO‐TPMP. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Simultaneously improving flame retardancy and dynamic mechanical properties of epoxy resin nanocomposites through layered copper phenylphosphate

Cited by 157 publications

References 29 publications

Preparation and mechanism of polyurethane prepolymer and boric acid co‐modified phenolic foam composite: Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardant properties

Preparation and mechanism of polyurethane prepolymer and boric acid co‐modified phenolic foam composite: Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and flame retardant properties

Synergistic fire safety improvement between oyster shell powder and ammonium polyphosphate in TPU composites

Synthesis of a novel DOPO‐based polyphosphoramide with high char yield and its application in flame‐retardant epoxy resins

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