Simultaneous monitoring and compositions analysis of PM1 and PM2.5 in Shanghai: Implications for characterization of haze pollution and source apportionment

Qiao, Ting; Zhao, Mengfei; Xiu, Guangli; Wang, Yuchen

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.095

Cited by 84 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…It was reported that there is significant positive correlation between the concentration of PM 2.5 and the value of AOD at the 0.01 level by Pearson correlation analysis, with the coefficient reaching 0.763 and the changes of both AOD and hazy concentrations tending to be strongly correlated. These results are also consistent with the research findings of Mao et al [30]. This further justifies the use of the MODIS AOD data as an indicator of space-time patterns on haze over the region.…”

Section: Space-time Change Characteristics Of Aodsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The optical properties and moisture absorption of aerosols have significant effects on visibility, and the toxic ingredients carried by the aerosol bring about threats to human health [32]. Now it has drawn great attention because of its adverse effects on climate, air quality, and human health [30]. The influences of haze pollution on human health are very complicated and its functional mechanisms are still not clear, but plentiful epidemiological research shows that a hazy day is closely related to various health conditions [33].…”

Section: Human Capital Methods For Evaluating Health Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, along with rapid economic development, the Yangtze River Delta has suffered increasingly severe environmental pollution, and the discharge of pollutants per unit area here is more than five times that in other regions in China [25]. Haze is the primary pollutant in the Yangtze River Delta with annual concentration of PM 2.5 67 μg/m 3 in 2013 [29], while the Chinese government upgraded the national ambient air quality standard to annual limit of 35 μg/m 3 in 2012 (GB3095-2012) [30]. The Yangtze River Delta has become the region with the quickest growth of pollution discharge in China, which has produced a range of extremely marked consequences for regional economic development, ecology, and climate.…”

Section: Overview Of Research Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Space-Time Pattern on Haze Polluttion and Associated Health Losses in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Zhao

Wang

2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Section: Space-time Change Characteristics Of Aodsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Human Capital Methods For Evaluating Health Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Research Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Space-Time Pattern on Haze Polluttion and Associated Health Losses in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Zhao

Wang

2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…This event motivated the release of the Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Air Pollution with the goal of reducing PM 2.5 (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) concentration by 15-25 % (2012) by 2017 in three major city clusters (http://english.mep.gov.cn/News_service/ infocus/201309/t20130924_260707.htm). In order to reduce the PM 2.5 concentration, extensive studies have been conducted to investigate the sources and formation mechanisms of haze pollution in recent years (Ye et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2016;Qiao et al, 2016;Hu et al, 2016;Li et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2014Guo et al, , 2013Zheng et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2016;Peng et al, 2016). However, the haze formation mechanisms and source appointment of fine particles remain uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into winter haze formation mechanisms based on aerosol hygroscopicity and effective density measurements

Xie

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We characterize a representative particulate matter (PM) episode that occurred in Shanghai during winter 2014. Particle size distribution, hygroscopicity, effective density, and single particle mass spectrometry were determined online, along with offline analysis of water-soluble inorganic ions. The mass ratio of SNA / PM 1.0 (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) fluctuated slightly around 0.28, suggesting that both secondary inorganic compounds and carbonaceous aerosols contributed substantially to the haze formation, regardless of pollution level. Nitrate was the most abundant ionic species during hazy periods, indicating that NO x contributed more to haze formation in Shanghai than did SO 2 . During the representative PM episode, the calculated PM was always consistent with the measured PM 1.0 , indicating that the enhanced pollution level was attributable to the elevated number of larger particles. The number fraction of the near-hydrophobic group increased as the PM episode developed, indicating the accumulation of local emissions. Three "banana-shaped" particle evolutions were consistent with the rapid increase of PM 1.0 mass loading, indicating that the rapid size growth by the condensation of condensable materials was responsible for the severe haze formation. Both hygroscopicity and effective density of the particles increased considerably with growing particle size during the bananashaped evolutions, indicating that the secondary transformation of NO x and SO 2 was one of the most important contributors to the particle growth. Our results suggest that the accumulation of gas-phase and particulate pollutants under stagnant meteorological conditions and subsequent rapid particle growth by secondary processes were primarily responsible for the haze pollution in Shanghai during wintertime.

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“…PM 2.5 (particle matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 µm) has been found to the most important constituent (Deng et al, 2016;Gautam et al, 2016;Qiao et al, 2016). According to the "2014 report on the state of the environment in China" (MEP, 2014), 11.2% of the 161 cities in China met the annual average concentration of PM 2.5 Grade II standard of 35 µg m -3 and 24-hour average of 75.0 µg m -3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characteristics of PM2.5 during a 2016 Winter Haze Episode in Shijiazhuang, China

Chen

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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To better understand the chemical characteristics and the potential source regions of PM 2.5 measured from 18 January until 22 January 2016 in Shijiazhuang, China, PM 2.5 was measured continuously and integrated daily sampling using midvolume samplers was conducted at the three sites. The mean concentration of PM 2.5 at the three sites reached 113, 131 and 119 µg m -3 during the sampling period, the higher concentrations occurred at early morning and noon, similar variation trends were found in the three sites. The concentrations of OC were higher than EC at three sampling sites and the OC/EC ratios ranged from 9.09 to 12.4 with a daily mean value of 10.8 during a haze pollution episode (HPE), which suggested that carbonaceous compositions might be from same source. The total concentration of water soluble inorganic ions (WSII) at the sites ranged from 72.2 to 100.0 µg m -3 with a mean of 84.3 µg m -3. The dominant species were NO 3 -, SO 4 2-, NH 4 + , Cl -, accounting for 88.4% of the mean PM 2.5 WSII mass. The most abundant measured element was Na with average mass concentrations of 41.5, 37.0, and 38.1 µg m -3 during the HPE. Relative humidity during HPE was higher than during clean days with average values of 70.1% and 60.2%, suggesting that high relative humidity and low wind speed favored formation of secondary inorganic ions and accelerated hygroscopic growth. The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) and a potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis were used to assess the data. Back-trajectories for the three sites identified similar transport pathways. PSCF analysis showed a significant regional impact on PM 2.5 at Shijiazhuang during the polluted period. The potential source areas for PM 2.5 in Shijiazhuang were the Beijing-Tianjin region and Shandong Province. The results of the present study show the need for the development of PM 2.5 control measurements on a regional scale.

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Simultaneous monitoring and compositions analysis of PM1 and PM2.5 in Shanghai: Implications for characterization of haze pollution and source apportionment

Cited by 84 publications

References 59 publications

Evaluation of Space-Time Pattern on Haze Polluttion and Associated Health Losses in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Evaluation of Space-Time Pattern on Haze Polluttion and Associated Health Losses in the Yangtze River Delta of China

Insight into winter haze formation mechanisms based on aerosol hygroscopicity and effective density measurements

Chemical Characteristics of PM2.5 during a 2016 Winter Haze Episode in Shijiazhuang, China

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