Simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalate esters and nonylphenols in sediments

Bartolomé, L.; Cortazar, E.; Raposo, J.C.; Usobiaga, Aresatz; Zuloaga, Olatz; Etxebarria, Néstor; Fernández, Laura García

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.02.003

Cited by 116 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Recently, their distribution in the environment and potential human health risks have been well-documented. The concentrations and distribution of phthalate esters in the marine habitat have become the focus of much attention and reported in the different countries, such as the Klang River Basin, Malaysia (12), the Rieti District, Italy (13), Urdaibai Estuary of Gernika, Spain (14), and the False Creek Harbor of Vancouver, Canada (15). The current literature highlights the importance of determining phthalate derivatives in Holothuria atra to determine the status of environmental contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Quantification of Phthalate Pollution in Holothuria atra, a Sea Cucumber from the Persian Gulf (Iran)

Sharifi

Yegdaneh

Sajjadi

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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In recent years, microplastics have accumulated in oceans and sediments worldwide. Due to their small size, microplastics may be ingested by low trophic fauna, with uncertain consequences for the health of the organism. Sea cucumbers are one of the major echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea that ingest plasticizers in their mouth and filter the water. Regarding the recent interests on probable pollution of medicinal plants and other natural medicines, like marine organisms to phthalates, in this study a phthalate ester was isolated from Holothuria atra of Persian coasts for the first time. The structure of the compound was elucidated using spectroscopic data (IR, NMR and MS) and the compound was used as a standard for quantification of microplastic in H. atra, a marker of pollutant in the Persian Gulf. Quantification was done by high performance thin layer chromatography and the amount of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (BEHP) was 0.15 ± 0.08 mg/g.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Quantification of Phthalate Pollution in Holothuria atra, a Sea Cucumber from the Persian Gulf (Iran)

Sharifi

Yegdaneh

Sajjadi

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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“…The MAE technique has such improvement as small volume of solvent (mainly MeOH, DCM/MeOH) and amount of samples, short time of extraction and simultaneously preparation many samples. The high initial cost of MAE apparatus is pay-back due to solvent amount saving and short time of isolation analytes [44][45][46].…”

Section: Solid Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part III. Non-Ionic Compounds

Olkowska¹,

Ruman²,

Kowalska³

et al. 2013

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Non-ionic surface active agents are a diverse group of chemicals which have an uncharged polar head and a non-polar tail. They have different properties due to amphiphilic structure of their molecules. Commercial available non-ionic surfactants consist of the broadest spectrum of compounds in comparison with other types of such agents. Typically, non-ionic compounds found applications in households and industry during formulation of cleaning products, cosmetics, paints, preservative coatings, resins, textiles, pulp and paper, petroleum products or pesticides. Their are one of the most common use class of surfactants which can be potential pollution sources of the different compartment of environment (because of they widely application or discharging treated wastewaters to surface water and sludge in agricultural). It is important to investigate the behavior, environmental fate of non-ionic surfactants and their impact on living organisms (they are toxic and/or can disrupt endocrine functions). To solve such problems should be applied appropriated analytical tools. Sample preparation step is one of the most critical part of analytical procedures in determination of different compounds in environmental matrices. Traditional extraction techniques (LLE -for liquid samples; SLE -for solid samples) are time and solvent-consuming. Developments in this field result in improving isolation efficiency and decreasing solvent consumption (eg SPE and SPME -liquid samples or PLE, SFE and MAE -solid samples). At final determination step can be applied spectrophotometric technique, potentiometric titrametration or tensammetry (determination total concentration of non-ionic surfactants) or chromatographic techniques coupled with appropriated detection techniques (individual analytes). The literature data concerning the concentrations of non-ionic surfactants in the different compartments of the environment can give general view that various ecosystems are polluted by those compounds.

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“…Table 2 shows some examples of the application of new techniques for the extraction of surfactants from solid environmental matrices. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is suitable for the extraction of different anionic [66] and non-ionic [67] surfactants from sediments and sludges. Extractions are often achieved quickly at 120 ºC using low solvent volumes (mainly MeOH [68] or DCM/MeOH [69]).…”

Section: Extraction From Solid Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commonly used derivatizing agents are trifluoroethanol [29,58], diazomethane [84], N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoro acetamide (BSTFA) [53,59,122], acetic anhydride [61,109] and hydrogen bromide [90], among other reactants. In any case, some low molecular mass metabolites of non-ionic surfactants (NP and short-chain NPEOs) have been analyzed directly by GC [67,80] as they are volatile enough, although better results can be obtained if derivatization is performed. There are also some advantages in using GC over HPLC.…”

Section: Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Surfactants in Environmental Samples by Chromatographic Techniques

Traverso-Soto¹,

González-Mazo²,

Lara-Martín³

2012

Chromatography - The Most Versatile Method of Chemical Analysis

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Simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalate esters and nonylphenols in sediments

Cited by 116 publications

References 27 publications

Identification and Quantification of Phthalate Pollution in Holothuria atra, a Sea Cucumber from the Persian Gulf (Iran)

Identification and Quantification of Phthalate Pollution in Holothuria atra, a Sea Cucumber from the Persian Gulf (Iran)

Determination of Surfactants in Environmental Samples. Part III. Non-Ionic Compounds

Analysis of Surfactants in Environmental Samples by Chromatographic Techniques

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