Simultaneous bimanual dynamics are learned without interference

Tcheang, Lili; Bays, Paul M.; Ingram, James N.; Wolpert, Daniel M.

doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1016-y

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Indirect evidence for the relationship between gain and delay comes from interference studies. The interference paradigm shows that both successive (Krakauer et al 1999; Tong et al 2002; Caithness et al 2004) or simultaneous (Tcheang et al 2007; Sing et al 2009) presentations of competing tasks disrupt learning and consolidation. Delayed visual feedback disrupts adaptation to visuomotor rotation and displacement (Held et al 1966; Honda et al 2012), but gain and rotation were not found to interfere with each other (Prager and Contreras-Vidal, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-Based Delay Representation and Its Transfer from a Game of Pong to Reaching and Tracking

Avraham

Leib

Pressman

et al. 2017

eNeuro

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To accurately estimate the state of the body, the nervous system needs to account for delays between signals from different sensory modalities. To investigate how such delays may be represented in the sensorimotor system, we asked human participants to play a virtual pong game in which the movement of the virtual paddle was delayed with respect to their hand movement. We tested the representation of this new mapping between the hand and the delayed paddle by examining transfer of adaptation to blind reaching and blind tracking tasks. These blind tasks enabled to capture the representation in feedforward mechanisms of movement control. A Time Representation of the delay is an estimation of the actual time lag between hand and paddle movements. A State Representation is a representation of delay using current state variables: the distance between the paddle and the ball originating from the delay may be considered as a spatial shift; the low sensitivity in the response of the paddle may be interpreted as a minifying gain; and the lag may be attributed to a mechanical resistance that influences paddle’s movement. We found that the effects of prolonged exposure to the delayed feedback transferred to blind reaching and tracking tasks and caused participants to exhibit hypermetric movements. These results, together with simulations of our representation models, suggest that delay is not represented based on time, but rather as a spatial gain change in visuomotor mapping.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-Based Delay Representation and Its Transfer from a Game of Pong to Reaching and Tracking

Avraham

Leib

Pressman

et al. 2017

eNeuro

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“…Indeed, this latter prediction was confirmed. When a robotic device was used to create lateral perturbations in one hand, online corrections in the one-cursor task were shared across the two hands [32] (see also Refs [33,34]). Interestingly, this behaviour was observed even if visual feedback of the cursor(s) was absent during the movement.…”

Section: Task-dependent Feedback Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The coordination of movement: optimal feedback control and beyond

Diedrichsen¹,

Shadmehr²,

Ivry³

2010

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

466

359

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Optimal control theory and its more recent extension, optimal feedback control theory, provide valuable insights into the flexible and task-dependent control of movements. Here, we focus on the problem of coordination, defined as movements that involve multiple effectors (muscles, joints or limbs). Optimal control theory makes quantitative predictions concerning the distribution of work across multiple effectors. Optimal feedback control theory further predicts variation in feedback control with changes in task demands and the correlation structure between different effectors. We highlight two crucial areas of research, hierarchical control and the problem of movement initiation, that need to be developed for an optimal feedback control theory framework to characterise movement coordination more fully and to serve as a basis for studying the neural mechanisms involved in voluntary motor control.

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“…As regards uncoupled scenarios, Tcheang et al (2007) studied force field adaptation in a non-symmetric bimanual task, in which subjects made reaching movements with both hands, moving in separate, non-overlapping workspaces and toward different targets, under the effect of force fields with either equal or opposite orientations. They found no differences in the ability of the two hands to adapt to both types of force fields, and no evidence of interference between the two learning processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-limb interference during bimanual adaptation to dynamic environments

et al. 2010

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Skillful manipulation of objects often requires the spatio-temporal coordination of both hands and, at the same time, the compensation of environmental forces. In bimanual coordination, movements of the two hands may be coupled because each hand needs to compensate the forces generated by the other hand or by an object operated by both hands (dynamic coupling), or because the two hands share the same workspace (spatial coupling). We examined how spatial coupling influences bimanual coordination, by looking at the adaptation of velocity-dependent force fields during a task in which the two hands simultaneously perform center-out reaching movements with the same initial position and the same targets, equally spaced on a circle. Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups, which differed in terms of the force fields they were exposed to: in one group (CW-CW), force fields had equal clockwise orientations in both hands; in the other group (CCW-CW), they had opposite orientations. In both groups, in randomly selected trials (catch trials) of the adaptation phase, the force fields were unexpectedly removed. Adaptation was quantified in terms of the changes of directional error for both hand trajectories. Bimanual coordination was quantified in terms of inter-limb longitudinal and sideways displacements, in force field and in catch trials. Experimental results indicate that both arms could simultaneously adapt to the two force fields. However, in the CCW-CW group, adaptation was incomplete for the movements from the central position to the more distant targets with respect to the body. In addition, in this group the left hand systematically leads in the movements toward targets on the left of the starting position, whereas the right hand leads in the movements to targets on the right. We show that these effects are due to a gradual sideways shift of the hands, so that during movements the left hand tends to consistently remain at the left of the right hand. These findings can be interpreted in terms of a neural mechanism of bimanual coordination/interaction, triggered by the force field adaptation process but largely independent from it, which opposes movements that may lead to the crossing of the hands. In conclusion, our results reveal a concurrent interplay of two task-dependent modules of motor-cognitive processing: an adaptive control module and a ‘protective’ module that opposes potentially ‘dangerous’ (or cognitively costly) bimanual interactions.

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Simultaneous bimanual dynamics are learned without interference

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

State-Based Delay Representation and Its Transfer from a Game of Pong to Reaching and Tracking

State-Based Delay Representation and Its Transfer from a Game of Pong to Reaching and Tracking

The coordination of movement: optimal feedback control and beyond

Inter-limb interference during bimanual adaptation to dynamic environments

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