Simulation of the mineral dust content over Western Africa from the event to the annual scale with the CHIMERE-DUST model

Schmechtig, Catherine; Marticoréna, B.; Chatenet, B.; Bergametti, Gilles; Rajot, Jean-Louis; Coman, Adriana

doi:10.5194/acp-11-7185-2011

Cited by 39 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…In spring and autumn, dust emission remains significant over the Bodélé Depression, but the dust emission activity decreases in summer. This seasonality is in agreement with the 6-year simulation by Laurent et al (2008Laurent et al ( ) (1996Laurent et al ( -2001 and the simulation by Schmechtig et al (2011Schmechtig et al ( ) for 2006. Figure 5 presents the seasonal mean and interseasonal dust emissions over the Sahara during the 5-year period.…”

Section: Satellite Datasupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In the model, the AOT is simulated at 0.55 µm, and it is therefore compared to the AOT measured at the nearest wavelength, 0.440 or 0.675 µm. Following Schmechtig et al (2011) the AOT measured over Banizoumbou, Cinzana and Mbour, at the wavelengths 0.44 and 0.675 µm, are significantly correlated (r 2 = 0.99), with slopes ranging from 1.04 in Cinzana to 1.06 in Mbour. Thus, in our study, we used the AOT measured at 0.44 µm over the five AERONET sites located in western Africa at Banizoumbou (Niger), Cinzana (Mali), Soroa (Niger), Mbour (Senegal) and Cape Verde (Fig.…”

Section: Ground-based Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-dimensional dust aerosol distribution and extinction climatology over northern Africa simulated with the ALADIN numerical prediction model from 2006 to 2010

Mokhtari

Tulet

Fischer³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The seasonal cycle and optical properties of mineral dust aerosols in northern Africa were simulated for the period from 2006 to 2010 using the numerical atmospheric model ALADIN (Aire Limitée Adaptation dynamique Développement InterNational) coupled to the surface scheme SURFEX (SURFace EXternalisée). The particularity of the simulations is that the major physical processes responsible for dust emission and transport, as well as radiative effects, are taken into account on short timescales and at mesoscale resolution. The aim of these simulations is to quantify the dust emission and deposition, locate the major areas of dust emission and establish a climatology of aerosol optical properties in northern Africa. The mean monthly aerosol optical thickness (AOT) simulated by AL-ADIN is compared with the AOTs derived from the standard Dark Target (DT) and Deep Blue (DB) algorithms of the Aqua-MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) products over northern Africa and with a set of sun photometer measurements located at Banizoumbou, Cinzana, Soroa, Mbour and Cape Verde. The vertical distribution of dust aerosol represented by extinction profiles is also analysed using CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) observations.The annual dust emission simulated by ALADIN over northern Africa is 878 Tg year −1 . The Bodélé Depression appears to be the main area of dust emission in northern Africa, with an average estimate of about 21.6 Tg year −1 .The simulated AOTs are in good agreement with satellite and sun photometer observations. The positions of the maxima of the modelled AOTs over northern Africa match the observed positions, and the ALADIN simulations satisfactorily reproduce the various dust events over the 2006-2010 period.The AOT climatology proposed in this paper provides a solid database of optical properties and consolidates the existing climatology over this region derived from satellites, the AERONET network and regional climate models. Moreover, the 3-D distribution of the simulated AOTs also provides information about the vertical structure of the dust aerosol extinction.

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Section: Satellite Datasupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Ground-based Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional dust aerosol distribution and extinction climatology over northern Africa simulated with the ALADIN numerical prediction model from 2006 to 2010

Mokhtari

Tulet

Fischer³

et al. 2015

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…The annually and spatially averaged occurrence frequency of NLLJs is similar in and the atmospheric circulation (e.g. Sokolik and Toon 1996;Rosenfeld et al 2001;Lohmann and Feichter 2005;Tompkins et al 2005;Karydis et al 2011;Schmechtig et al 2011). In addition to these climate effects, suspended dust aerosol decreases the air quality with adverse influences on human health (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A process-based evaluation of dust-emitting winds in the CMIP5 simulation of HadGEM2-ES

et al. 2015

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Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Compared to ERAInterim, a stronger pressure ridge over northern Africa in winter and the southward displaced heat low in summer result in differences in location and strength of NLLJs. Particularly the larger geostrophic winds associated with the stronger ridge have a strengthening effect on NLLJs over parts of West Africa in winter. Stronger NLLJs in summer may rather result from an artificially increased mixing coefficient under stable stratification that is weaker in HadGEM2-ES. NLLJs in the Bodélé Depression are affected by stronger synoptic-scale pressure gradients in HadGEM2-ES. Wintertime geostrophic winds can even be so strong that the associated vertical wind shear prevents the formation of NLLJs. These results call for further model improvements in the synoptic-scale dynamics and the physical parametrization of the nocturnal stable boundary layer to better represent dust-emitting processes in the atmospheric model. The new approach could be used for identifying systematic behavior in other models with respect to meteorological processes for dust emission. This would help to improve dust emission simulations and contribute to decreasing the currently large uncertainty in climate change projections with respect to dust aerosol.

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“…The CHIMERE model has previously been used over the AMMA observation period, but only dust aerosols were modeled (Schmechtig et al, 2011;Menut et al, 2009). In this study, all important gas and aerosol sources are included (anthropogenic, biogenic, mineral dust, sea salt and biomass burning).…”

Section: Chemistry Transport With the Chimere Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of atmospheric gases and aerosols with the monsoon dynamics over the Sudano-Guinean region during AMMA

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Carbon monoxide, CO, and fine atmospheric particulate matter, PM 2.5 , are analyzed over the Guinean Gulf coastal region using the WRF-CHIMERE modeling system and observations during the beginning of the monsoon 2006 (from May to July), corresponding to the Africa Multidisciplinary Monsoon Analysis (AMMA) campaign period.Along the Guinean Gulf coast, the contribution of longrange pollution transport to CO or PM 2.5 concentrations is important. The contribution of desert dust PM 2.5 concentration decreases from ∼ 38 % in May to ∼ 5 % in July. The contribution of biomass burning PM 2.5 concentration from Central Africa increases from ∼ 10 % in May to ∼ 52 % in July. The anthropogenic contribution is ∼ 30 % for CO and ∼ 10 % for PM 2.5 during the whole period.

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Simulation of the mineral dust content over Western Africa from the event to the annual scale with the CHIMERE-DUST model

Cited by 39 publications

References 67 publications

Three-dimensional dust aerosol distribution and extinction climatology over northern Africa simulated with the ALADIN numerical prediction model from 2006 to 2010

Three-dimensional dust aerosol distribution and extinction climatology over northern Africa simulated with the ALADIN numerical prediction model from 2006 to 2010

A process-based evaluation of dust-emitting winds in the CMIP5 simulation of HadGEM2-ES

Interactions of atmospheric gases and aerosols with the monsoon dynamics over the Sudano-Guinean region during AMMA

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