siMS score- method for quantification of metabolic syndrome, confirms co-founding factors of metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Background: Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ, a highly active metabolic tissue, and an important source of cytokines. Inflammatory factors play an important role in visceral obesity associated with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MS), hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), endothelial dysfunction (ED) and atherosclerosis.Objectives: To examine corelation of siMS score, as a quantification method for metabolic syndrome (MS), with insulin resistance, glucoregulation parameters, as with other co-founding factors of MS, inflammation and thrombosis factors, microalbuminuria, uric acid, fatty liver index (FLI) and homocysteine.Methods: The study included 451 obese individuals with pre–metabolic syndrome (pre-MS) and MS (age 16–75, body mass index (BMI) > 25kg/m2) classified into two groups: I-age 10–30 (167 patients); II-age 31–75 (284 patients). International Diabetes Federation (IDF) classification was applied for diagnosing metabolic syndrome. Patients with less than three criteria indicated below were considered pre-metabolic syndrome. siMS risk score was used.Results: siMS score increased with age: I-3.03 ± 0.87, II-3.27 ± 0.90. siMS score correlated with associated factors of MS: hyperinsulinemia and IR, ALT, gama-GT, FLI, uric acid in both groups and CRP (p < 0.01) in group I. Correlations in II group: siMS score with PAI-1 (p = 0.01), microalbuminuria (p = 0.006), homocysteine ​​(p = 0.076).Conclusion: Correlation of siMS score with HOMA-IR confirmed that hyperinsulinism and insulin resistance are in the basis of MS. Correlation of siMS score with parameters of NAFLD, CRP, PAI-1, uric acid, microalbuminuria and homocysteine indicates that they are significant co-founding factors of MS. Correlation of siMS score with PAI-1, microalbuminuria, homocysteine, indicates higher risk for progression of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis with age.

Associations of metabolic syndrome, its severity with cognitive impairment among hemodialysis patients

“…The findings demonstrated that siMS score, CMI and metSSS are all associated with increased risk of MCI and lower MMSE score. These scores have been proven optimal methods for quantification of MetS, and the severity [ 21 – 23 ]. Previous studies reported that they were associated with increased risk of stroke, cardiovascular diseases, all-cause mortality [ 44 – 47 ].…”

“…Recent studies have demonstrated that MetS is a risk factor for cognitive impairment among general population [ 16 ], no matter young [ 17 ], middle-aged [ 18 ] or elderly individuals [ 19 , 20 ]. In addition, several novel metabolic indices, such as metabolic syndrome (siMS) score [ 21 ], cardiometabolic index (CMI) [ 22 ] and metabolic syndrome severity score (MetSSS) [ 23 ], have been demonstrated to be promising indicators for predicting and quantifying MetS and its severity, with relatively high sensitivity and specificity. However, these associations between these indices and MCI are yet unknown.…”

Comparison of metabolic syndrome prevalence using three different definitions: A population-based study in Peru

“…On the other hand, in the case of the IDF, this result is consistent with a recent work that examined the correlation of the siMS score, a quantification method for metabolic syndrome, with insulin resistance and other cofounding factors of metabolic syndrome in 451 obese patients with pre-metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome. In this research, the IDF classification was applied to diagnose metabolic syndrome, and it was found that males had a higher prevalence of MetS versus females (24) .…”

Integrating machine learning and nontargeted plasma lipidomics to explore lipid characteristics of premetabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome

“…MetS comprises a cluster of "cardiometabolic risk" factors, including high blood sugar, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and abdominal obesity. Pre-MetS denotes a set of clinical and biochemical features manifesting metabolic irregularities in specific aspects, albeit not fully meeting the diagnostic criteria for MetS (1)(2)(3)(4). The combined impact of these components and ongoing metabolic disruptions significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (3) and cancer (4).…”