Simplifying the Jargon of Community Ecology: A Conceptual Approach

Fauth, John E.; Bernardo, Jaciely Barbosa; Camara, Massaman; Resetarits, William J.; Buskirk, Josh Van; McCollum, S. Andy

doi:10.1086/285850

Cited by 385 publications

(291 citation statements)

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“…In North America, the two study sites used were located in the Mojave Desert (California) and the overlap In this study, we use the term 'community' in the broad sense to mean the study of all similar species that occur together. Thus, our use of community is equivalent to what some would call an 'assemblage' (Fauth et al 1996). Focusing exclusively on iguanian lizards is appropriate as we know of no skinks, geckos or other lizards on either continent that are morphologically similar to iguanians.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and morphology in desert lizards

2005

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Evolutionary ecologists have long debated the extent to which communities in similar environments but different geographic regions exhibit convergence. On the one hand, if species' adaptations and community structure are determined by environmental features, convergence would be expected. However, if historical contingencies have long-lasting effects convergence would be unlikely. Most studies to date have emphasized the differences between communities in similar environments and little quantitative evidence for convergence exists. The application of comparative phylogenetic methods to ecological studies provides an opportunity to further investigate hypotheses of convergence. We compared the evolutionary patterns of structural ecology and morphology of 42 species of iguanian lizards from deserts of Australia and North America. Using a comparative approach, we found that evolutionary convergence of ecology and morphology occurs both in overall, community-wide patterns and in terms of pairs of highly similar intercontinental pairs of species. This result indicates that in these desert lizards, deterministic adaptive evolution shapes community patterns and overrides the historical contingencies unique to particular lineages.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and morphology in desert lizards

2005

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“…An ecological guild is a group of taxa co-existing in the same environment and exploiting the same resources, which can display different adaptations to abiotic factors (DeVito et al, 2004;Fauth et al, 1996). The ecological guilds of Passy (2007) were developed based on diatoms nutrients preferenda and their resistance to water turbulence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling diatom life forms and ecological guilds for river biomonitoring

Marcel¹,

Berthon²,

Castets³

et al. 2017

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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-Biomonitoring is central to the European Union's Water Framework Directive (WFD) and to the French water and aquatic environmental law, but most diatom indices do not separate different anthropogenic impacts. To address this gap, the effect of water chemistry on diatom ecological guilds and life forms was assessed in order to indicate stream perturbations. Generalised additive models (GAMs) were built on a large-scale data set of 1571 samples from the French monitoring network. The relationships between diatom ecological guild and life form metrics were investigated by Principal components analysis and the results predicted by GAMs. The models characterised eight chemical parameters that modified adaptive strategies (ecological guilds) and growth morphology (life forms). Total phosphorus, conductivity, nitrate and pH are the main influencing factors, followed by temperature, dissolved oxygen and organic matter. The findings confirm three groups of diatoms with different adaptive strategies: 1 -fast moving species, 2 -species growing close to the substrate and 3 -species extending to the surface layers of the biofilm. Thirteen diatom metrics displayed a variety of responses to different ranges of the eight chemical parameters. These metrics could be used to help to identify and quantify which chemical alterations are caused by polluted effluents in rivers.Keywords: benthic diatoms / ecological guilds / biological traits / biomonitoring / generalised additive model Résumé -Modélisation des formes de vie et guildes écologiques des diatomées pour la bioindication en rivières. La bioindication est centrale dans la directive cadre européenne sur l'eau et la loi française sur l'eau, mais la plupart des indices diatomiques ne séparent pas les différents impacts anthropiques. Pour combler ce manque, l'effet de la physico-chimie de l'eau sur les guildes écologiques et formes de vies des diatomées a été étudié pour indiquer des perturbations des cours d'eau. Des modèles additifs généralisés (GAMs) ont été construits sur un jeu de données de 1571 échantillons des réseaux de suivi des cours d'eau français. Les relations entre les métriques de guildes écologiques et formes de vie des diatomées ont été étudiées par une ACP et les résultats prédits par des GAMs. Les modèles ont caractérisé huit paramètres physico-chimiques qui modifient les stratégies adaptatives (guildes écologiques) et morphologies de croissance (formes de vie). Le phosphore total, la conductivité, les nitrates et le pH sont les facteurs les plus influents, suivis par la température, l'oxygène dissous et la matière organique. Les résultats confirment trois groupes de diatomées avec des stratégies adaptatives différentes : 1 -les espèces se déplaçant rapidement, 2 -les espèces proches du substrat et 3 -les espèces s'étendant vers la surface du biofilm. Quatorze métriques diatomiques ont montré une variété de réponses à différentes gammes de valeurs des huit paramètres physico-chimiques. Ces métriques pourraient être utilisées pour aider à identifier ...

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“…4) What factors are controlling community assemblies? The questions were addressed by estimating diversity metrics of tintinnid communities, defined as sets of species occurring in a particular place and time (Fauth et al, 1996), both taxonomic and morphological, at each of the 22 stations sampled. Phytoplankton concentrations and composition were estimated using pigment analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The "neutral" community structure of planktonic herbivores, tintinnid ciliates of the microzooplankton, across the SE Tropical Pacific Ocean

2007

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Abstract.We assessed the community characteristics of a group of planktonic herbivores across a species-rich area, the SE Pacific Ocean. A series of 22 stations between the Marquise Islands (7 • S 142 • W) and the coast of Chile (35 • S 73 • W) was sampled during the BIOSOPE cruise in 2004. We examined the relationships between taxonomic diversity, morphological diversity, patterns of tintinnid species assemblage, and phytoplankton abundance. Tintinnid community characteristics were estimated from large volume (20-60 l) discrete depth sampling and phytoplankton were characterized based on HPLC pigment signatures. Across the transect, average water column concentrations of tintinnids ranged from 2-40 cells l −1 or 8-40 ng C l −1 , and were positively related to chlorophyll a concentrations which varied between 0.07-2 µg l −1 . Large numbers of tintinnid taxa were found, 18-41 species per station, yielding a total of 149 species. Among stations, morphological and taxonomic diversity metrics co-varied but were not significantly related to phytoplankton diversity estimated using a pigment-based size-diversity metric. Taxonomic diversity of tintinnids, as H' or Fishers' alpha, was inversely related to chlorophyll concentration and positively to the depth of the chlorophyll maximum layer. Species abundance distributions were compared to geometric, log-series and log-normal distributions. For most stations, the observed distribution most closely matched log-series, coherent with the neutral theory of random colonization from a large species pool. Occurrence rates of species were correlated with average abundance rather than specific characteristics of biomass or lorica oral diameter (mouth) size. Among stations, species richness was corCorrespondence to: J. Dolan (dolan@obs-vlfr.fr) related with both the variety of mouth sizes (lorica oral diameters) as well as numbers of species per mouth size, also consistent with random colonization.

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Simplifying the Jargon of Community Ecology: A Conceptual Approach

Cited by 385 publications

References 0 publications

Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and morphology in desert lizards

Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and morphology in desert lizards

Modelling diatom life forms and ecological guilds for river biomonitoring

The "neutral" community structure of planktonic herbivores, tintinnid ciliates of the microzooplankton, across the SE Tropical Pacific Ocean

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Simplifying the Jargon of Community Ecology: A Conceptual Approach

Cited by 385 publications

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Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and morphology in desert lizards

Intercontinental community convergence of ecology and morphology in desert lizards

Modelling diatom life forms and ecological guilds for river biomonitoring

The &quot;neutral&quot; community structure of planktonic herbivores, tintinnid ciliates of the microzooplankton, across the SE Tropical Pacific Ocean

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The "neutral" community structure of planktonic herbivores, tintinnid ciliates of the microzooplankton, across the SE Tropical Pacific Ocean