Silymarin liposomes improves oral bioavailability of silybin besides targeting hepatocytes, and immune cells

Kumar, Nitesh; Rai, Amita; Reddy, Neetinkumar D.; Palanimuthu, Vasanth Raj; Jain, Prateek; Deshpande, Praful Balavant; Mathew, Geetha; Kutty, N. Gopalan; Udupa, N.; Rao, C. Mallikarjuna

doi:10.1016/j.pharep.2014.04.007

Cited by 82 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Silymarin may enhance three available growth factors (HGF, TGF α , and TGF β 1), acting as a cell cycle progression agent that triggers liver regeneration to protect the liver as a hepatoprotective agent for liver disease. HGF is a mitogenic agent for many different cell types with major effects on liver hepatic growth [ 11 – 13 ]. Matrix breakdown may cause a rapid release of HGF into the plasma, which occurs shortly after PHx [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin Accelerates Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy

Tsai

Yeh

et al. 2015

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Partial hepatectomy (PHx) is a liver regeneration physiological response induced to maintain homeostasis. Liver regeneration evolved presumably to protect wild animals from catastrophic liver loss caused by toxins or tissue injury. Silymarin (Sm) ability to stimulate liver regeneration has been an object of curiosity for many years. Silymarin has been investigated for use as an antioxidant and anticarcinogen. However, its use as a supportive treatment for liver damage is elusive. In this study, we fed silymarin (Sm, 25 mg/kg) to male Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 weeks. Surgical 2/3 PHx was then conducted on the rats at 6 hrs, 24 hrs, and 72 hrs. Western blot and RT-PCR were conducted to detect the cell cycle activities and silymarin effects on hepatic regeneration. The results showed that silymarin enhanced liver regeneration by accelerating the cell cycle in PHx liver. Silymarin led to increased G1 phase (cyclin D1/pRb), S phase (cyclin E/E2F), G2 phase (cyclin B), and M phase (cyclin A) protein and mRNA at 6 hrs, 24 hrs, and 72 hrs PHx. HGF, TGFα, and TGFβ1 growth factor expressions were also enhanced. We suggest that silymarin plays a crucial role in accelerated liver regeneration after PHx.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silymarin Accelerates Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy

Tsai

Yeh

et al. 2015

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…The increase in the bioavailability of silymarin using a nanoemulsion might be due to the higher solubilization of drug in oil. Moreover, the presence of a surfactant and cosurfactant in the nanoemulsion system might have caused changes in the membrane permeability, and was able to reach a maximum concentration in minimum possible time [39,40]. Consequently, the present study showed rapid onset and better absorption of orally administered silymarin nanoemulsion than before.…”

Section: Accelerated Stability Studiesmentioning

confidence: 55%

Silymarin nanoemulsion against human hepatocellular carcinoma: development and optimization

Ahmad

Singh

Ahmad

et al. 2017

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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“…It has been widely researched experimentally and clinically and its application has been widely used in many fields, especially in medical engineering. As a drug carrier, liposome has the characteristics of improving drug efficacy, reducing adverse drug reactions and targeting 32 .…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Zoledronate liposome and its impact on apoptosis of Kupffer cells in rat liver

Zhao

Zhang²,

et al. 2018

Acta Cir. Bras.

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To establish a method for the preparation of zoledronate liposome and to observe its effect on inducing the apoptosis of rat liver Kupffer cells. Methods: Zoledronate was encapsulated in liposomes, and then the entrapment rate was detected on a spectrophotometer. The prepared Zoledronate liposome (0.01 mg/mL) was injected into the tail vein of SD rats. Three days later, the number of Kupffer cells (CD68 positive) in rat liver tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of the isolated liver Kupffer cell cultured in vitro. Results: The entrapment rate of Zoledronate was 43.4±7.8%. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of Kupffer cells was 19.3±2.1 in PBS group and 5.5±1.7 in Zoledronate liposome group, with a significant difference (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of Kupffer cells was 4.1±0.8% in PBS group, while it was 9±2.2% and 23.3±5.9% in Zoledronate liposomes groups with different concentrations of Zoledronate liposome (P<0.05). Conclusions: Zoledronate liposomes can effectively induce the apoptosis of Kupffer cells in vivo and in vitro, and the apoptosis rate is related to the concentration of Zoledronate liposome. To establish a rat liver Kupffer cell apoptosis model can provide a new means for further study on Kupffer cell function.

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Silymarin liposomes improves oral bioavailability of silybin besides targeting hepatocytes, and immune cells

Abstract: Incorporating the phytosomal form of silymarin in liposomal carrier system increased the oral bioavailability and showed better hepatoprotection and better anti-inflammatory effects compared with silymarin suspension.

Cited by 82 publications

References 20 publications

Silymarin Accelerates Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy

Silymarin Accelerates Liver Regeneration after Partial Hepatectomy

Silymarin nanoemulsion against human hepatocellular carcinoma: development and optimization

Preparation of Zoledronate liposome and its impact on apoptosis of Kupffer cells in rat liver

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