Silverleaf whitefly-resistant common beans: an investigation of antibiosis and/or antixenosis

Abstract

The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B is one of the most important sucking pests of common bean, which causes severe damages and requires frequently synthetic insecticides spraying to protect crop productivity. The use of common bean cultivars resistant to whitefly attack is an important strategy within an integrated pest management (IPM) program. The biological development of B. tabaci confined to 17 bean genotypes was evaluated in greenhouse trials to verify the occurrence of antibiosis. Whitefly adults were released on plants of these genotypes to oviposit, afterward the incubation period of eggs, nymphal period, complete development period (egg-adult), and viability of the silverleaf whitefly nymphs were recorded. As main results, genotype CHIP 300 prolonged the developmental period from egg to adult (~10 days) and BRS Estilo, Arcelina 4, IPR Garça, Tybatã, CHIP 300, IPR Eldorado, H96A102-1-1-1-52, SCS-202-Guará and CHIB 06 caused nymphal mortality, suggesting high levels of antibiosis and/or antixenosis. These genotypes may be helpful in common bean breeding programs aimed at developing commercial cultivars resistant to B. tabaci biotype B.

Performance of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 on soybean and resistance traits of cultivars

“…The reduction in the time (days) of development of nymph to adult of B. tabaci in the GCS 07 cultivars can be explained by the fact that insects can decrease the development period in an unfavorable environment, the insect quickly reaches the adult stage, and they may have the chance of survival of the species. Plants with antibiosis characteristics usually prolong the life cycle stages of the insect, causing a high mortality rate (Baldin et al 2017;Horas et al 2018;Latha et al 2018;Santos et al 2020). Studies on the antibiosis resistance factors associated with these materials should be better investigated, characterizing the biochemical composition of these cultivars.…”

Rendimiento y resistencia al mosaico amarillo dorado de genotipos de frijol negro tropical

“…El hecho de que líneas carentes del MM SR2 hayan sobresalido por su mayor rendimiento en condiciones de presión de mosaico amarillo dorado, en comparación con las líneas que poseen este marcador, destaca la importancia de confirmar la resistencia mediante la confrontación con el patógeno, ya que si bien, bgm-1 es el gen más ampliamente usado, el MM SR2, según los estándares actuales, no está estrechamente ligado a este gen (~3-7 cM), lo que resulta en la selección de unas pocas líneas que poseen el marcador, pero que no obstante, son susceptibles al virus, además de que existen otros genes y QTLs cuya acumulación condiciona altos niveles de resistencia a BGYMV (Soler-Garzón et al, 2021), así como otros mecanismos de resistencia al vector, como la antibiosis o antixenosis (Santos et al, 2020), cuya presencia en los materiales evaluados requiere ser estudiada.…”