2019
DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900743r
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Abstract: Ischemic spinal cord injury (ISCI) results in the motor sensory dysfunction of the limbs below the injury site. In response to the injury, astrocytes develop into neuroprotective astrocytes [(neurotrophic reactive astrocytes (A2s)] to mitigate the damage. MicroRNA (miR)‐21 can promote the development of neuroinflammation in previous studies. Our aim was to investigate the effect of miR‐21 on its polarization. We used the abdominal aortic occlusion model in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the dist… Show more

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Cited by 63 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…Furthermore, the mechanisms whereby IL-10 promotes dendritic spine density remain to be elucidated. It was reported that STAT3 is involved in synapse formation [54], so IL-10 might promote dendritic spine density by activating STAT3. We showed that STAT3 mediates the Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, the mechanisms whereby IL-10 promotes dendritic spine density remain to be elucidated. It was reported that STAT3 is involved in synapse formation [54], so IL-10 might promote dendritic spine density by activating STAT3. We showed that STAT3 mediates the Fig.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, this function is mediated through the STAT3 pathway. A2 astrocytes regulated by miR-21 promoted synapse formation and neurite growth by targeting Gpc6 and GDNF though the STAT3 signaling pathway [66]. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been found to be a mediator of reactive astrocytes.…”
Section: Morphological Changes In Reactive Astrocytesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, our data clearly show that rhFGF21 induces the A2 phenotype, and the observed reduction in the A1 phenotype strongly supports the contribution of rhFGF21 to astrocyte modulation in astrocyte cultures and ischemic brain. Furthermore, A2 astrocytes are now known to play beneficial roles in neuronal survival under pathological conditions [48,13]. After brain damage, A2 astrocytes promote synapse formation, support blood-brain barrier function, and release nutritional factors such as BDNF, Thbs-1, and IGF-1, which have been suggested to be protective in models of stroke [49].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, Ma et al further demonstrated that microglia exert a protective role by releasing neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) [11,12]. Similarly, astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), can be induced to develop different phenotypes depending on the damage and the phase [13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%