Significance Assessment of Amphora coffeaeformis in Arsenic-Induced Hemato- Biochemical Alterations of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Abstract

Heavy metals have different adverse impacts on different life stages of fish species with attempts to use natural antioxidants to counteract their effects. So, the present study investigated the potential protective effects of Amphora coffeaeformis extract against arsenic-induced hemato-biochemical alterations in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. The fish exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of arsenic; 19.2 and 38.3 mg/L (1/8 and 1/4 of 96h-LC 50 value, 153.17 mg/L) for 15 days. The main effect of arsenic was recorded in some blood parameters such as RBC's count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and white blood cells. As for biochemical parameters, the main effect of arsenic was significant for alkaline phosphatase, glucose, uric acid, creatinine, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin. Also, the residue of arsenic in fish muscles showed significant effects. The majority of these arsenic-induced parameters were improved with dietary supplements of the diatom A. coffeaeformis. So, Amphora extract can be used as detoxification factor on fishes induced by arsenic due to its biologically active components providing protections like antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. Besides, they have excellent contents of proteins and carbohydrates which are supposed to enhance the effect of these compounds.

Natural Antioxidants can Improve Microplastics-Induced Male Reproductive Impairment in the African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus)

“…Applications of microalgae supplementation have been developed recently; for instance, Chlorella vulgaris has established to develop, immunity, aquatic remedy, stress enhancement, and disease resistance in fish (Nicula et al, 2018;Mekkawy et al, 2020;Sahin et al, 2014). C. vulgaris used as feed supplementation alleviated the negative effect of chlorpyrifos (CPF) exposure and maintained the growth performance and biochemical parameters (Abu-Srea et al, 2018) ,also, C. vulgaris modulated the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes and stress immune-related genes (Zahran et al, 2020) in the Nile tilapia.…”

Amphora coffeaeformis diatom involved in reducing the susceptibility of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) fingerlings to Aeromonas hydrophila infection by boosting immune and antioxidant responses and improving growth performance indicators

“…A. coffeaeformis , a microalga, contains almost the same amount, or even more of, flavonoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, sulphated polysaccharides, amino acids, beta (β)‐glucans and antioxidants (alpha (α)‐tocopherol, vitamins C and E) (El‐Sayed et al, 2018). These biochemical properties have potential biological activities, including antioxidants, anti‐inflammatories and antimicrobials (El‐Sayed et al, 2018; Mekkawy et al, 2020).…”

Amphora Coffeaeformis Modulate the Histopathological and Histochemical Disruption in Kidney and Gills of Clarias Gariepinus Intoxicated by Arsenic

“…98 % pure Sodium arsenate (Na 2 HAsO 4 •7H 2 O) was obtained from Qualikemes company, India while the extract of Amphora coffeaeformis was obtained from NRC, Egypt. Full characterization of the Amphora extract was done previously by Mekkawy et al [36] .…”

“…Fishes were arranged into 9 gatherings (10 fish/ tank), two groups exposed to 19.2 and 38.3 mg/l arsenic (AS1, AS2) (1/8 and 1/4 of 96h-LC 50 value, 153.17mg/l) according to Abdel-Hameid [37] and other two groups exposed to 7 and 10 % amphora (AM1, AM2), and other groups exposed to arsenic and amphora combinations for two weeks [36]. During exposure water was changed every day to counteract disintegration of water quality and renewal of arsenic levels.…”