Signals and transcription factors for specification of human germ cells

Jostes, Sina; Schorle, Hubert

doi:10.21037/sci.2018.04.01

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Gametogenesis has been thoroughly studied in model organisms, and in some aspects, in vitro differentiation systems using embryonic stem (ES) cells [5,6] and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells [7,8]. By now, a lot of information has been gathered about the epigenetic regulation, the specific transcription factors, important signalization events, and key effectors necessary for commitment of stem cells to germline fate [9,10,11,12,13,14] from different model organism and by in vitro differentiation of stem cells to primordial germ-cell-like cells (PGCLCs) [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17].…”

Section: Introduction: Germline Soma and Embryonic Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Role of RING1 and YY1 Binding Protein in the Regulation of Germ-Cell-Specific Transcription

Bajusz

Henry

Sutus

et al. 2019

Genes

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Separation of germline cells from somatic lineages is one of the earliest decisions of embryogenesis. Genes expressed in germline cells include apoptotic and meiotic factors, which are not transcribed in the soma normally, but a number of testis-specific genes are active in numerous cancer types. During germ cell development, germ-cell-specific genes can be regulated by specific transcription factors, retinoic acid signaling and multimeric protein complexes. Non-canonical polycomb repressive complexes, like ncPRC1.6, play a critical role in the regulation of the activity of germ-cell-specific genes. RING1 and YY1 binding protein (RYBP) is one of the core members of the ncPRC1.6. Surprisingly, the role of Rybp in germ cell differentiation has not been defined yet. This review is focusing on the possible role of Rybp in this process. By analyzing whole-genome transcriptome alterations of the Rybp-/- embryonic stem (ES) cells and correlating this data with experimentally identified binding sites of ncPRC1.6 subunits and retinoic acid receptors in ES cells, we propose a model how germ-cell-specific transcription can be governed by an RYBP centered regulatory network, underlining the possible role of RYBP in germ cell differentiation and tumorigenesis.

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Section: Introduction: Germline Soma and Embryonic Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Role of RING1 and YY1 Binding Protein in the Regulation of Germ-Cell-Specific Transcription

Bajusz

Henry

Sutus

et al. 2019

Genes

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“…The germline is an essential feature of life that ensures the perpetuation and survival of a species by passing the genetic information from one generation to the next by specialized germ cells [1][2][3]. In many metazoan organisms, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are segregated from somatic cells during early embryonic development [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bucky Ball Is a Novel Zebrafish Vasa ATPase Activator

et al. 2021

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Many multicellular organisms specify germ cells during early embryogenesis by the inheritance of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules known as germplasm. However, the role of complex interactions of RNP granules during germ cell specification remains elusive. This study characterizes the interaction of RNP granules, Buc, and zebrafish Vasa (zfVasa) during germ cell specification. We identify a novel zfVasa-binding motif (Buc-VBM) in Buc and a Buc-binding motif (zfVasa-BBM) in zfVasa. Moreover, we show that Buc and zfVasa directly bind in vitro and that this interaction is independent of the RNA. Our circular dichroism spectroscopy data reveal that the intrinsically disordered Buc-VBM peptide forms alpha-helices in the presence of the solvent trifluoroethanol. Intriguingly, we further demonstrate that Buc-VBM enhances zfVasa ATPase activity, thereby annotating the first biochemical function of Buc as a zfVasa ATPase activator. Collectively, these results propose a model in which the activity of zfVasa is a central regulator of primordial germ cell (PGC) formation and is tightly controlled by the germplasm organizer Buc.

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“…Transcription regulators are thus widespread determinants of cell fate decisions, especially in somatic lineages [8][9][10] . In mammals, early germ cell fate specification is also controlled by signal-mediated induction and transcriptional regulation [11][12][13][14] . By contrast, in other vertebrate species such as zebrafish and Xenopus, and in numerous invertebrate species, including the fly Drosophila, the nematode worm C. elegans and the ascidians Halocynthia and Ciona, early germ cell progenitors are transcriptionally silent [15][16][17] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mammals, early germ cell fate specification is also controlled by signal-mediated induction and transcriptional regulation(Ohinata et al , 2009; Tang et al , 2016; Mitsunaga & Shioda, 2018; Jostes & Schorle, 2018). By contrast, in other vertebrate species such as zebrafish and Xenopus , and in numerous invertebrate species, including the fly Drosophila , the nematode worm C. elegans and the ascidians Halocynthia and Ciona , early germ cell progenitors are transcriptionally silent(Nakamura & Seydoux, 2008; Kumano et al , 2011; Shirae-Kurabayashi et al , 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular remodeling and JAK inhibition promote zygotic gene expression in theCionagermline

Ohta

Christiaen

2021

Preprint

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During development, remodeling of the cellular transcriptome and proteome underlies cell fate decisions and, in somatic lineages, transcription control is a major determinant of fateful biomolecular transitions. By contrast, early germline fate specification in numerous vertebrate and invertebrate species relies extensively on RNA-level regulation, exerted on asymmetrically inherited maternal supplies, with little-to-no zygotic transcription. However delayed, a maternal-to-zygotic transition is nevertheless poised to complete the deployment of pre-gametic programs in the germline. Here, we focused on early germline specification in the tunicate Ciona to study zygotic genome activation. We first demonstrate that a peculiar cellular remodeling event excludes localized postplasmic mRNAs, including Pem-1, which encodes the general inhibitor of transcription. Subsequently, zygotic transcription begins in Pem-1-negative primordial germ cells (PGCs), as revealed by histochemical detection of elongating RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII), and nascent transcripts from the Mef2 locus. Using PGC-specific Mef2 transcription as a read-out, we uncovered a provisional antagonism between JAK and MEK/BMPRI/GSK3 signaling, which controls the onset of zygotic gene expression, following cellular remodeling of PGC progenitor cells. We propose a 2-step model for the onset of zygotic transcription in the Ciona germline, which relies on successive cellular remodeling and JAK inhibition, and discuss the significance of germ plasm dislocation and remodeling in the context of developmental fate specification.

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Signals and transcription factors for specification of human germ cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Evolving Role of RING1 and YY1 Binding Protein in the Regulation of Germ-Cell-Specific Transcription

Evolving Role of RING1 and YY1 Binding Protein in the Regulation of Germ-Cell-Specific Transcription

Bucky Ball Is a Novel Zebrafish Vasa ATPase Activator

Cellular remodeling and JAK inhibition promote zygotic gene expression in theCionagermline

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