Should I stay or should I go: Can air pollution reduce the health benefits of physical exercise?

Marmett, Bruna; Carvalho, Roseana Böek; Dorneles, Gilson Pires; Nunes, Ramiro Barcos; Rhoden, Cláudia Ramos

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109993

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…However, particularly during an outdoor physical exercise session, the volume of inhaled pollutants increases [6]. The urbanization together with economic, social and technological development, decreases air quality and increases sedentary behaviour [7]. Air pollution may impact on physical activity habits and, consequently, limits the benefits of an active lifestyle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practicing Outdoor Physical Activity: Is It Really a Good Choice? Short- and Long-Term Health Effects of Exercising in a Polluted Environment

2022

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Background: Air pollution is an environmental risk factor for mortality and the fifth largest risk factor for all causes of death. The practice of regular physical activity is strongly encouraged to achieve a healthy lifestyle. During a physical exercise session, the volume of inhaled pollutants increases. The present study aims to report the evidence about the interaction between polluted air, physical activity, and the interactive effects of these two variables on individuals’ health in the light of the significant changes occurring in the daily routine of individuals practicing sport and physical activities after the end of the pandemic. Methods: A mapping review was performed on electronic databases to summarize studies reporting the effects of pollutants on specific health outcomes. A further analysis investigated how physical habits and air quality changed following the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The current literature suggests that air pollution alters both short- and long-term health outcomes. Nonetheless, exercising is a protective factor against the harmful effects of air pollution. Conclusions: It is necessary for those who train outdoors to evaluate the external environmental conditions. The change should be aimed at improving air quality by implementing stricter legislative guidelines on air pollution thresholds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practicing Outdoor Physical Activity: Is It Really a Good Choice? Short- and Long-Term Health Effects of Exercising in a Polluted Environment

2022

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“…The negative effect caused by air pollution, especially PM2.5, in occupied residential areas, should not be neglected. It should be expected because exercising can increase the air ventilation rate, which can cause air pollution to be inhaled into the alveoli in the lungs and enter the bloodstream (Marmett et al, 2020;Leonardo A. Pasqua et al, 2020;Leonardo Alves Pasqua et al, 2018;Xie et al, 2021). It is a concern for vulnerable groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Performing Exercise in Air Polluted Environments on Blood Pressure Response

Bahri,

Pambudi,

Safei

et al. 2022

J. pendidik. jasmani olahraga

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Exercise has a positive impact on a person's health and fitness level. However, the benefits could be obtained if the exercise is conducted properly by avoiding the risk involved. One of the risks during exercise, especially for those in urban communities, is the difficulty in avoiding air pollution. Air pollution, especially particles with a size less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5), can be inhaled into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. The amount of air pollution inhaled will increase in the people doing exercise because the rate of breathing increases along with the increasing intensity and duration of the exercise. This may impact the blood pressure response due to the presence of foreign particles in the bloodstream. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a post-test-only comparison group approach. The research was conducted in Karawang Regency, West Java, Indonesia, and included two sites, a higher PM2.5 Concentration site, and a lower PM2.5 Concentration site. The research subjects included 22 undergraduate students with a healthy status divided into two research groups. Each group performed exercise, including 5 minutes of warm-up and 15 minutes of running at submaximal intensity (80–85% of HR Max) at 07.00 for five days consecutively. Blood pressure response measurements were taken immediately after exercise. This study aimed to determine the effect of regular exercise in high and low air pollution conditions (PM2.5) on the blood pressure response. The study found that regular exercise for five days in an environment with high air pollution resulted in higher systolic and diastolic arterial pressures than a regular exercise in low air pollution conditions. Thus, performing exercise in high PM2.5 air pollution conditions affects the blood pressure response. For this reason, vulnerable groups should pay attention to air pollution levels when doing exercise.

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“…In general, among healthy adult subjects, it is suggested that exercise is beneficial, even during exposure to air pollution [205]. Similarly, Marmett et al (2020) hypothesized that exercise may cause beneficial effects regardless of the chosen place [206]. Nevertheless, susceptible populations, like the elderly or patients with asthma or COPD will experience the more negative impact of air pollution even with low levels of air pollution or at low-intensity exercise.…”

Section: Air Pollution Exercise and Bronchial Obstructive Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization

et al. 2021

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Since the industrial revolution, air pollution has become a major problem causing several health problems involving the airways as well as the cardiovascular, reproductive, or neurological system. According to the WHO, about 3.6 million deaths every year are related to inhalation of polluted air, specifically due to pulmonary diseases. Polluted air first encounters the airways, which are a major human defense mechanism to reduce the risk of this aggressor. Air pollution consists of a mixture of potentially harmful compounds such as particulate matter, ozone, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and heavy metals, each having its own effects on the human body. In the last decades, a lot of research investigating the underlying risks and effects of air pollution and/or its specific compounds on the airways, has been performed, involving both in vivo and in vitro experiments. The goal of this review is to give an overview of the recent data on the effects of air pollution on healthy and diseased airways or models of airway disease, such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, we focused on studies involving pollution and airway symptoms and/or damage both in mice and humans.

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Should I stay or should I go: Can air pollution reduce the health benefits of physical exercise?

Cited by 14 publications

References 104 publications

Practicing Outdoor Physical Activity: Is It Really a Good Choice? Short- and Long-Term Health Effects of Exercising in a Polluted Environment

Practicing Outdoor Physical Activity: Is It Really a Good Choice? Short- and Long-Term Health Effects of Exercising in a Polluted Environment

The Effect of Performing Exercise in Air Polluted Environments on Blood Pressure Response

Air Pollution and the Airways: Lessons from a Century of Human Urbanization

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