Shortening patient-reported outcome measures through optimal test assembly: application to the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale in the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Cohort

Harel, Daphna; Mills, Sarah D.; Kwakkenbos, Linda; Carrier, Marie Eve; Nielsen, Karen; Portales, Alexandra; Bartlett, Susan J.; Malcarne, Vanessa L.; Thombs, Brett D.

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024010

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Recently, OTA has demonstrated value in developing short forms of PROs [45,46]. It offers an appealing solution for determining a replicable and reproducible short form.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonrestorative sleep scale: a reliable and valid short form of the traditional Chinese version

Fong

Wong

et al. 2020

Qual Life Res

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Purpose Previous research has suggested the essential unidimensionality of the 12-item traditional Chinese version of the Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS). This study aimed to develop a short form of the traditional Chinese version of the NRSS without compromising its reliability and validity. Methods Data were collected from 2 cross-sectional studies with identical target groups of adults residing in Hong Kong. An iterative Wald test was used to assess differential item functioning by gender. Based on the generalized partial credit model, we first obtained a shortened version such that further shortening would result in substantial sacrifice of test information and standard error of measurement. Another shortened version was obtained by the optimal test assembly (OTA). The two shortened versions were compared for test information, Cronbach's alpha, and convergent validity. Results Data from a total of 404 Chinese adults (60.0% female) who had completed the Chinese NRSS were gathered. All items were invariant by gender. A 6-item version was obtained beyond which the test performance substantially deteriorated, and a 9-item version was obtained by OTA. The 9-item version performed better than the 6-item version in test information and convergent validity. It had discrimination and difficulty indices ranging from 0.44 to 2.23 and − 7.58 to 2.13, respectively, and retained 92% of the test information of the original 12-item version. Conclusion The 9-item Chinese NRSS is a reliable and valid tool to measure nonrestorative sleep for epidemiological studies.

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“…Recently, OTA has demonstrated value in developing short forms of PROs [45,46]. It offers an appealing solution for determining a replicable and reproducible short form.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonrestorative sleep scale: a reliable and valid short form of the traditional Chinese version

Fong

Wong

et al. 2020

Qual Life Res

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“…The SAAS‐5 includes items 6, 7, 12, 13, and 14 from the original questionnaire. The shortened version maintained high internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s α of 0.95 (98). The SAAS‐5 correlated well ( r = 0.97) with the original 16‐item SAAS (98).…”

Section: Measures Related To Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SAAS had been validated for use in SSc (97). A five‐item short form (the SAAS‐5) was developed with responses on the SAAS from 926 people enrolled in the SPIN cohort (98).…”

Section: Measures Related To Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update of Outcome Measures in Systemic Sclerosis

Chang

Pope

2020

Arthritis Care & Research

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“…The SAAS-5, consisting of items 6, 7, 12, 13 and 14 from the original SAAS, was recently developed and validated for use in patients with SSc. 12 Scores on the SAAS-5 range from 5 to 25, with higher scores indicating higher levels of appearance anxiety.…”

Section: Social Appearance Anxiety Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study developed a shortened version of the SAAS consisting of five items (SAAS-5) for use in patients with SSc. 12 The use of shortened versions, such as the SAAS 5, has the potential to decrease patient burden and increase data quality. 13 However, it is of interest to determine whether the shortened version exhibits DIF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing differential item functioning for the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale: a Scleroderma atient-centred Intervention Network (SPIN) Cohort Study

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesThe Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) is a 16-item questionnaire developed to evaluate fear of appearance-based evaluation by others. The primary objective of this research was to investigate the existence of differential item functioning (DIF) for the 16 SAAS items, comparing patients who completed the SAAS in English and French, either to confirm that scores are comparable or provide guidance on calculating comparable scores. A secondary research objective was to investigate the existence of DIF based on sex and disease status. A tertiary research objective was to assess DIF related to language, sex, and disease status on the recently developed SAAS-5.DesignThis was a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from patients enrolled in the Scleroderma Patient-centred Intervention Network (SPIN).SettingSPIN patients included in the present study were enrolled at 43 centres in Canada, USA, UK, France and Australia, with questionnaires completed in April 2014 to July 2019.Participants1640 SPIN patients completed the SAAS in French (n=600) or English (n=1040).Primary and secondary measuresThe SAAS was collected along with demographic and disease characteristics.ResultsSix items were identified with statistically significant language-based DIF, four with sex-based DIF and one with disease type-based DIF. However, factor scores before and after accounting for DIF were similar (Pearson correlation >0.99), and individual score differences were small. This was true for both the full and shortened versions of the SAAS.ConclusionSAAS and SAAS-5 scores are comparable across language, sex, and disease-type, despite small differences in how patients respond to some items.

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Shortening patient-reported outcome measures through optimal test assembly: application to the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale in the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Cohort

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Nonrestorative sleep scale: a reliable and valid short form of the traditional Chinese version

Nonrestorative sleep scale: a reliable and valid short form of the traditional Chinese version

An Update of Outcome Measures in Systemic Sclerosis

Assessing differential item functioning for the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale: a Scleroderma atient-centred Intervention Network (SPIN) Cohort Study

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