Sheep helminth parasitic disease in south eastern Scotland arising as a possible consequence of climate change

Kenyon, Fiona; Sargison, Neil; Skuce, Philip; Jackson, F.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.027

Cited by 119 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Ollerenshaw and Rowlands developed in 1959, for the first time, a model for predicting the risk of bovine fascioliasis based on climatological data (HOPE-CAWDERY; TALUNTAIS; LEITRIM, 1981). Kenyon et al (2009) in a review about how climate change would affect the epidemiology of Haemonchus contortus, Nematodirus battus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and F. hepatica observed that increases in the temperature might negatively influence the regional production of sheep in Scotland. Fox et al (2011) validated a predictive model for the risk of F. hepatica in the United Kingdom and observed high levels of risk for the disease with serious epidemics in the country until the year 2050.…”

Section: Climate Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasciola hepatica: epidemiology, perspectives in the diagnostic and the use of geoprocessing systems for prevalence studies

et al. 2015

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Fasciola hepatica is a parasite that is located in the liver of ruminants with the possibility to infect horses, pigs and humans. The parasite belongs to the Trematoda class, and it is the agent causing the disease called fasciolosis. This disease occurs mainly in temperate regions where climate favors the development of the organism. These conditions must facilitate the development of the intermediate host, the snail of the genus Lymnaea. The infection in domestic animals can lead to decrease in production and control is made by using triclabendazole. Triclabendazole resistance in F. hepatica has been reported worldwide including in Brazil. Another concern is the increase number of human cases with the consumption of contaminated vegetables in regions where sanitation is inadequate together with the presence of infected animals and the absence of efficient control methods. The knowledge of the epidemiology of animal fasciolosis, including their occurrence, distribution and monitoring with techniques such as PCR and ELISA is reaching a new level with the usage of the Geographic Information System. The objective is to use new technologies for early fasciolosis diagnostic, as well as, to develop geoprocessing technics that could allow the determination of its prevalence and the evolution of clinical cases in animals before hand. This review paper provides an overview of F. hepatica, covering the aspects listed above, including original data. Key words: Fasciola hepatica, epidemiology, geographic information system, zoonosis ResumoFasciola hepatica é um parasita que se localiza no fígado de ruminantes, podendo infectar equinos, suínos e humanos. O parasito pertence à classe Trematoda, sendo o agente responsável pela doença denominada fasciolose, que ocorre principalmente em regiões temperadas, com clima favorável para o desenvolvimento do organismo. Tais condições devem auxiliar no desenvolvimento do hospedeiro intermediário, o molusco do gênero Lymnaea. Existe uma crescente preocupação quanto ao número de casos humanos diagnosticados em certas regiões cujo saneamento básico é inadequado, há presença de animais infectados e cultura em consumir hortaliças de áreas contaminadas cruas ou pouco cozidas. O parasitismo em animais domésticos pode levar a uma queda no desempenho animal e seu controle é realizado, principalmente, com o uso do triclabendazole. Entretanto, relatos quanto à resistência do patógeno à este produto vêm sendo descritos, inclusive no Brasil. O conhecimento da epidemiologia da fasciolose animal, incluindo sua ocorrência, distribuição e monitoramento com técnicas laboratoriais como o ELISA e a PCR, estão tendo um novo progresso com a utilização do Sistema de Informação Geográfica. O objetivo de utilizar essas novas tecnologias é diagnosticar a fasciolose mais precocemente, assim como, desenvolver técnicas de geoprocessamento que possam determinar a prevalência e a evolução dos casos em animais. Este artigo aborda recentes avanços no monitoramento da F. hepatica, cobrindo alguns aspectos lista...

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Section: Climate Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasciola hepatica: epidemiology, perspectives in the diagnostic and the use of geoprocessing systems for prevalence studies

et al. 2015

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“…Despite the parasite's strong association with tropical climates (Kao et al, 2000;O'Connor et al, 2006), its distribution range has recently expanded in northern temperate countries such as the UK where H. contortus in sheep is no longer rare (Kenyon et al, 2009;Burgess et al, 2012). Cases in Sweden (Hoglund et al, 2009) and Norway (Domke et al, 2013) have also been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemonchus contortus: spatial risk distribution for infection in sheep in Europe

et al. 2015

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Abstract.Haemonchus contortus is a species of gastrointestinal strongyles of primary concern for sheep. This highly pathogenic, blood-feeding helminth negatively influences animal health, welfare and productivity. In order to elucidate the current scenario in terms of prevalence and intensity of H. contortus infection in sheep farms across Europe, a standardized crosssectional survey was conducted in three pilot areas in Ireland, Switzerland and Italy, all part of the EU funded GLOWORM project. Two consecutive field surveys (in 2012 and 2013) were conducted in the three countries in the same period (AugustOctober) in 259 sheep farms in total. Harmonized, diagnostic procedures (from farm to laboratory) based on pooled samples, the FLOTAC technique and coproculture were used. The georeferenced parasitological results were modelled (at the pilot area level) following a Bayesian geostatistical approach with correction for preferential sampling and accounting for climatic and environmental covariates. The observed H. contortus prevalence rates did vary between the countries showing high values in Switzerland (77%) and Italy (73%) compared to Ireland (4%). Spatial patterns of H. contortus distribution were detected in Switzerland and Italy with a north-south gradient. The latent factor analysis highlighted the importance of seasonality and annual cyclicity within country (particularly in southern Italy), while mean temperature and rainfall dominated between country variations in the prevalence of H. contortus infection.

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“…It has been suggested that the change in environmental conditions due to climate change is the reason for the current widespread occurrence of fasciolosis (Kenyon et al, 2009;Van Dijk et al, 2010). Rapsch et al (2008) mention that the distribution of the free-living stages and the intermediate molluscan host, G. truncatula depend on a range of climatic factors, particularly temperature and rainfall, that also affect the survival of F. hepatica eggs and metacercarie.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outbreak of acute fasciolosis in sheep farms in a Mediterranean area arising as a possible consequence of climate change

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether climate change in recent years have influenced the onset of acute outbreaks of Fasciola hepatica in ovine farms in southern Italy. In May-June 2014, a severe outbreak of F. hepatica occurred in three sheep farms in the Campania region. Clinical, coprological and necroscopic examinations were performed. Morbidity and mortality due to F. hepatica were 3-67% and 3-50%, respectively. Coprological examinations showed high values of F. hepatica eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces (860-1,240). Similarly, high adult parasitic burdens were found in animals that had sucombed (124-426 flukes). The study area was georeferenced and climatic data (temperature, humidity, days of rain and total amount of rainfall) were recorded at four georeferenced meterological stations in the study area. Montly data were processed and analyzed for the period 2000-2013 to evaluate the change of the climatic parameters during these years. The results show that there was a significant increase (P <0.001) of temperature, increased rainfall and increase in the number of rainy days compared to previous years. In addition to the outbreak reported here, we discuss the potential effects of climate change on the epidemiology of F. hepatica and the implications for sheep farming in the Mediterranean area.

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Sheep helminth parasitic disease in south eastern Scotland arising as a possible consequence of climate change

Cited by 119 publications

References 15 publications

Fasciola hepatica: epidemiology, perspectives in the diagnostic and the use of geoprocessing systems for prevalence studies

Fasciola hepatica: epidemiology, perspectives in the diagnostic and the use of geoprocessing systems for prevalence studies

Haemonchus contortus: spatial risk distribution for infection in sheep in Europe

Outbreak of acute fasciolosis in sheep farms in a Mediterranean area arising as a possible consequence of climate change

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