Shear Bond Strength of the Metal Bracket to Zirconium Ceramic Restoration Treated by the Nd: YAG Laser and Other Methods: An In Vitro Microscopic Study

Abstract

Introduction: Providing reliable bonding of the bracket base and the zirconia surface is required to apply orthodontic force. The purpose of this scientific experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of three different methods of surface preparation for Zirconia, including surface roughening, sandblasting and the Nd: YAG laser, in the shear bond strength (SBS) of the orthodontic brackets. Methods: Fifty-four discs of zirconia were divided into three groups of 18: A) Hydrofluoric acid etching, B) sandblasting, and C) Nd: irradiation using the power of 1.5 W for 10 seconds. After bonding the brackets, the samples were slowly thermo-cycled (1000 times) for 24 hours. The SBS test was performed by a universal testing machine at a head speed of 0.5 mm/min. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was scored at a magnification of 10 in the stereo microscope. All data were collected and analyzed using the variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey, Don, and Weibull tests (α = 0.05). Results: The HF acid etching group (6.11± 0.94 MPa) had the highest SBS, which was followed by the laser group (6 ± 0.61 MPa) and the sandblast group (3.1080 ± 0.82 MPa). There was a significant statistical difference between the laser and HF groups and the sandblast group (P < 0.05) and no significant difference between the HF group and the laser group (P = 0.03). Conclusion:Based on the obtained bond strength, the Nd: YAG laser with a power of 1.5 W could be a substitute treatment method for the HF acid-etching.

Impact of different pretreatments and attachment materials on shear bond strength between monolithic zirconia restorations and metal brackets

“…A different study also found sufficiently high SBS values using the combination of CoJet and RXP, although the SBS values were lower and very close to the lower limit of the recommended values 28 . In general, the literature is very controversial as some studies found that air-abrasion and silane application results in sufficient SBS 19 , 29 and others reported contrary findings 30 .…”

Effect of orthodontic bonding with different surface treatments on color stability and translucency of full cubic stabilized zirconia after coffee thermocycling

“…In orthodontic bracket bonding to zirconia, it is essential to create a reliable bond strength to withstand orthodontic and masticatory forces. 14 Nonetheless, orthodontic bracket bonding on ceramic restorations may increase the surface roughness (due to surface treatment or residual resin removal), change the esthetic appearance of restoration, decrease its longevity, enhance plaque retention, leading to periodontal problems and restoration discoloration. 15 Since zirconia is devoid of glass phase, hydrofluoric acid cannot be used to enhance its bond strength.…”

Shear Bond Strength between Orthodontic Brackets and Monolithic 4Y-TZP: An In Vitro Study

“…With the increasing demand for adult orthodontic treatment and the growing popularity of esthetic dentistry, clinicians face challenges when bonding orthodontic brackets onto various types of dental restorations compared to enamel [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Zirconium is widely recognized as one of the most used materials for all-ceramic crowns, offering advantages such as esthetic appearance, biocompatibility, and resistance.…”