Shallow groundwater quality on dairy farms with irrigated forage crops

Harter, Thomas; Davis, Harley; Mathews, M. C.; Meyer, R. D.

doi:10.1016/s0169-7722(01)00189-9

Cited by 155 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For details on dairy farm operation refer to Watanabe et al (200S) and Harter et al (2002). The soil studied was collected from an agricultural field that receives manure from one of the dairies for irrigation and fertilization.…”

Section: Soil and Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sulfonamide antibiotics on microbial diversity and activity in a Californian Mollic Haploxeralf

et al. 2010

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Section: Soil and Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sulfonamide antibiotics on microbial diversity and activity in a Californian Mollic Haploxeralf

et al. 2010

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“…Contamination of shallow groundwater (<30 m bgl) with NO 3 -N has been documented in a large number of studies (C. D. A. McLay et al, 2001;Harter et al, 2002;Bohlke et al, 2007;Babiker et al, 2004). To relate different forms of landuse to different shallow groundwater NO 3 -N concentrations spatially, a variety of statistical techniques, such as multivariate cluster analysis (Hussain et al, 2008;Ismail and Ramadan, 1995;Yidana et al, 2008), Tobit and logistic regression using mean nutrient data (Gardner and Vogel, 2005;Kaown et al, 2007), weights of evidence modelling techniques (Masetti et al, 2008), and ordinary kriging methods (Hu et al, 2005), have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting nitrate distribution in shallow groundwater under a beef farm in South Eastern Ireland

Fenton

Richards

Kirwan

et al. 2009

Journal of Environmental Management

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a b s t r a c tGroundwater contamination was characterised using a methodology which combines shallow groundwater geochemistry data from 17 piezometers over a 2 yr period in a statistical framework and hydrogeological techniques. Nitrate-N (NO 3 -N) contaminant mass flux was calculated across three control planes (rows of piezometers) in six isolated plots. Results showed natural attenuation occurs on site although the method does not directly differentiate between dilution and denitrification. It was further investigated whether NO 3 -N concentration in shallow groundwater (<5 m below ground level) generated from an agricultural point source on a 4.2 ha site on a beef farm in SE Ireland could be predicted from saturated hydraulic conductivity (K sat ) measurements, ground elevation (m Above Ordnance Datum), elevation of groundwater sampling (screen opening interval) (m AOD) and distance from a dirty water point pollution source. Tobit regression, using a background concentration threshold of 2.6 mg NO 3 -N L À1 showed, when assessed individually in a step wise procedure, K sat was significantly related to groundwater NO 3 -N concentration. Distance of the point dirty water pollution source becomes significant when included with K sat in the model. The model relationships show areas with higher K sat values have less time for denitrification to occur, whereas lower K sat values allow denitrification to occur. Areas with higher permeability transport greater NO 3 -N fluxes to ground and surface waters. When the distribution of Cl À was examined by the model, K sat and ground elevation had the most explanatory power but K sat was not significant pointing to dilution having an effect. Areas with low NO 3 concentration and unaffected Cl À concentration points to denitrification, low NO 3 concentration and low Cl À chloride concentration points to dilution and combining these findings allows areas of denitrification and dilution to be inferred. The effect of denitrification is further supported as mean groundwater NO 3 -N was significantly (P < 0.05) related to groundwater N 2 /Ar ratio, redox potential (Eh), dissolved O 2 and N 2 and was close to being significant with N 2 O (P ¼ 0.08). Calculating contaminant mass flux across more than one control plane is a useful tool to monitor natural attenuation. This tool allows the identification of hot spot areas where intervention other than natural attenuation may be needed to protect receptors.

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“…Statistically, contamination levels were more closely tied to animal access in the vicinity of wells and the well casing material than to land use or distance between wells and latrines. Livestock grazing practices creates a diffuse source of fecal contamination to watersheds (Tian et al, 2002;Harter et al, 2002). Pathogens from animal feces may enter waterways by direct deposition or as a result of overland runoff containing fecal material deposited in the watershed.…”

Section: Animal Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Contamination of Groundwater in a Small Rural Dryland Watershed in Central Chile

Valenzuela¹,

Lagos²,

Claret

et al. 2009

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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Research on microbiological groundwater quality was conducted in Chile in a rural watershed that has almost no other water source. Forty-two wells were randomly selected and levels of indicator bacteria -total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), and fecal streptococci (FS) -were repeatedly measured during the four seasons of 2005. The aim of this study was to characterize microbiological groundwater quality, relate indicator levels to certain watershed features and management characteristics which are likely to affect water quality. The dynamics of seasonal temporal contamination was determined with statistical analyses of indicator organism concentrations. Nonparametric tests were used to analyze relationships between bacterial indicators in well water and other variables. TC, FC, and FS were found in all samples indicating the wells had been contaminated with human and animal fecal material. The frequency distribution of microorganisms fitted a logistic distribution. The concentrations appeared to be temporal and levels varied between seasons with higher concentrations in winter. The cause of contamination could be linked to the easy access of domestic animals to the wells and to the permeable well casing material. Local precipitation runoff directly influenced the bacterial concentrations found in the wells.

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Shallow groundwater quality on dairy farms with irrigated forage crops

Cited by 155 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of sulfonamide antibiotics on microbial diversity and activity in a Californian Mollic Haploxeralf

Effect of sulfonamide antibiotics on microbial diversity and activity in a Californian Mollic Haploxeralf

Factors affecting nitrate distribution in shallow groundwater under a beef farm in South Eastern Ireland

Fecal Contamination of Groundwater in a Small Rural Dryland Watershed in Central Chile

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