Sexual transmission of human T‐lymphotropic virus type I in Peruvian prostitutes

Wignall, F S; Hyams, Kenneth C.; Phillips, Irving A.; Escamilla, Joel; Tejada, Abelardo; Li, Olga; Lopez, F Cuesta; Chauca, Gloria; Sanchez, S.; Roberts, Clifford R.

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890380110

Cited by 44 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Wignall et al 62 reported a 21.8% prevalence rate of HTLV-1 among prostitutes in Callao, Peru, which was correlated with the number of years of prostitution; this fi nding suggests an association between sexual activity and HTLV-1 transmission. Nakashima et al 58 found a signifi cantly higher prevalence of anti-HTLV-l antibodies (5.1%) in 409 female prostitutes in Kyushu, Japan than in a control group of non-prostitutes (1.3%).…”

Section: Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In addition, the epidemiology of HTLV, particularly its tendency to occur in clusters, has enabled the identifi cation of groups who are at risk for exposure, including injection drug users 34,56,59 , sex workers 50,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] , men who engage in intercourse with other men 52,53,56 , recipients of blood transfusions in Brazil before November 1993 63 , and sexual partners of known HTLV carriers [64][65][66] (Figure 2). …”

Section: Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

Paiva

Casseb

2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is endemic in many parts of the world and is primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse or from mother to child. Sexual transmission occurs more effi ciently from men to women than women to men and might be enhanced by sexually transmitted diseases that cause ulcers and result in mucosal ruptures, such as syphilis, herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2), and chancroid. Other sexually transmitted diseases might result in the recruitment of infl ammatory cells and could increase the risk of HTLV-1 acquisition and transmission. Additionally, factors that are associated with higher transmission risks include the presence of antibodies against the viral oncoprotein Tax (anti-Tax), a higher proviral load in peripheral blood lymphocytes, and increased cervicovaginal or seminal secretions. Seminal fl uid has been reported to increase HTLV replication and transmission, whereas male circumcision and neutralizing antibodies might have a protective effect. Recently, free virions were discovered in plasma, which reveals a possible new mode of HTLV replication. It is unclear how this discovery might affect the routes of HTLV transmission, particularly sexual transmission, because HTLV transmission rates are signifi cantly higher from men to women than women to men.

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Section: Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Sexual Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

Paiva

Casseb

2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…La prevalencia de infección por el HTLV-1, otro retrovirus cuya forma de transmisión es similar a la de VIH y que en infección dual con el mismo empeora el pronóstico del SIDA (27,28), se encontró en una proporción similar al encontrado en 1990 (19), pero menor al 7% encontrado por Gotuzzo (25), en 1992 en meretrices registradas y clandestinas de Lima, y al 25% encontrado por Wignall y col. (29), en 1989 en meretrices registradas del Callao. Sin embargo hay que tener en cuenta que nuestra población es más joven y trabajan como meretrices menos años.…”

Section: Discusionunclassified

Prácticas sexuales y seroprevalencia de infección por VIH, HTLV-1 sífilis en meretrices clandestinas de Lima.

Trujillo¹,

Muñoz²,

Gotuzzo³

et al. 2013

Rev Med Hered

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Prácticas sexuales y seroprevalencia de infección por VIH, HTLV-1 sífilis en meretrices clandestinas de Lima. SUMMARY Objetive:To investigate the prevalence of sexual practices with risk to sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and the seroprevalence of HIV-1, HTLV-1 and syphilis in non-registered prostitutes in Lima. Material and methods: A transversal, descriptive and non-registered prostitutes in Lima between March and June of 1994. Results: All serum samples were negative for HIV-1, but two samples had indeterminate results (positive ELISA and WB p24 band present). Six (3.8%), were HTLV-1 positive (CI 95%, 1.4-8.1) and 5 VDRL reactives (CI 95%, 1.7-7.3). Regular condom use was found in 75%, but only 3% with permanent partners. Sexual practices with risk were: annal sex 7.9%, sex during menstrual bleeding 37%, oral sex 93% and sex with genital ulcer carrier 19%. STD antecedent in the last 5 years was found in 25%, gonorrhea was most frequent. Conclusions: High regular condom use and low retroviral infections and syphilis were found in non-registered female prostitutes in Lima. (Rev Med Hered 1996; 7: 162-171).

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“…Quechuas, Mestizos, Blacks), and groups with risky sexual behavior (e.g. commercial sex workers) 20,23,24 . HIV/HTLV-I co-infection has previously been reported in Peru, and a shorter survival after onset of clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was described in co-infected men 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HTLV- I infection is not associated with a higher risk of death in peruvian HIV-infected patients

Collins

Hernández

Hidalgo

et al. 2009

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Limited and contradictory information exists regarding the prognosis of HIV/HTLV-I co-infection. Our goal was to estimate the effect of HTLV-I infection on mortality in HIV-infected patients at a HIV reference center in Peru. We studied a retrospective cohort of HIV-infected patients, who were exposed or unexposed to HTLV-I. Exposed patients were Western Blot (WB) positive for both retroviruses. Unexposed patients were WB positive for HIV, and had least one negative EIA for HTLV-I. These were selected among patients who entered our Program immediately before and after each exposed patient, between January 1990 and June 2004. Survival time was considered between the diagnosis of exposure to HTLV-I and death or censoring. Confounding variables were age, gender, baseline HIV clinical stage, baseline CD4+ T cell count, and antiretroviral therapy. We studied 50 exposed, and 100 unexposed patients. Exposed patients had a shorter survival compared to unexposed patients [median survival: 47 months (95% CI: 17-77) vs. 85 months (95% CI: 70-100), unadjusted p = 0.06]. Exposed patients had a higher rate of mortality compared to unexposed patients (HIV/HTLV-I (24/50 [48%]) vs. HIV only (37/100 [37%]), univariable p = 0.2]. HTLV-I exposure was not associated to a higher risk of death in the adjusted analysis: HR: 1.2 (0.4-3.5). AIDS clinical stage and lack of antiretroviral therapy were associated to a higher risk of dying. In conclusions, HTLV-I infection was not associated with a higher risk of death in Peruvian HIV-infected patients. Advanced HIV infection and lack of antiretroviral therapy may explain the excess of mortality in this population.

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Sexual transmission of human T‐lymphotropic virus type I in Peruvian prostitutes

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

Sexual transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

Sexual transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

Prácticas sexuales y seroprevalencia de infección por VIH, HTLV-1 sífilis en meretrices clandestinas de Lima.

HTLV- I infection is not associated with a higher risk of death in peruvian HIV-infected patients

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