Sex Steroid Influence on Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor mRNA and Endocannabinoid Levels in the Anterior Pituitary Gland

González, Sara; Bisogno, Tiziana; Wenger, T.; Manzanares, Jorge; Milone, A.; Berrendero, Fernando; Marzo, Vincenzo Di; Ramos, J.A.; Fernández‐Ruiz, Javier

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2406

Cited by 175 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…injection which lasts up to 120 -150 min (18,19). Similarly, ANA lowered the hormone levels also in CB 1 ϩ/ϩ mice but had no effect in knockout animals ( Figs.…”

Section: Fig 3 Basal Testosterone Secretion In Vitro (A) and Serum mentioning

confidence: 77%

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The Central Cannabinoid Receptor Inactivation Suppresses Endocrine Reproductive Functions

Wenger

Ledent

Csernus

et al. 2001

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

143

134

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“…injection which lasts up to 120 -150 min (18,19). Similarly, ANA lowered the hormone levels also in CB 1 ϩ/ϩ mice but had no effect in knockout animals ( Figs.…”

Section: Fig 3 Basal Testosterone Secretion In Vitro (A) and Serum mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Recent study has demonstrated that male animals have higher levels of CB 1 receptor transcripts than females (18) while the pituitary ANA content is higher in females than in males. No differences were registered between sexes in 2-AG values (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Central Cannabinoid Receptor Inactivation Suppresses Endocrine Reproductive Functions

Wenger

Ledent

Csernus

et al. 2001

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

143

134

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“…Endocannabinoid production is greater in female than male rats, in brain regions such as the pituitary, hypothalamus, striatum, and midbrain (Gonzá lez et al, 2000;Bradshaw et al, 2006). In addition, brain CB 1 receptor density and affinity may differ between female and male rats, although the direction of these differences seems to be brain site-specific.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Cannabinoid 1 vs. Cannabinoid 2 Receptor-Selective Antagonism of Antinociception Produced by Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol and CP55,940 in the Rat

Craft

Wakley²,

Tsutsui³

et al. 2011

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex differences in cannabinoid (CB)-induced antinociception and motoric effects can be attributed to differential activation of CB 1 or CB 2 receptors. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with vehicle, rimon-(SR144528) (a putative CB 2 receptor-selective antagonist; 1.0 -10 mg/kg). Thirty minutes later, ⌬ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 1.25-40 mg/kg) or 5-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexyl]phenol (CP55,940) (0.05-1.6 mg/kg) was injected. Paw pressure and tail withdrawal antinociception, locomotor activity, and catalepsy were measured. Rimonabant dose-dependently antagonized THC and CP55,940 in each test, but was up to 10 times more potent in female than male rats on the nociceptive tests; estimates of rimonabant affinity (apparent pK B ) for the CB 1 receptor were approximately 0.5 to 1 mol/kg higher in female than male rats. SR144528 partially antagonized THC-induced tail withdrawal antinociception and locomotor activity in females, but this antagonism was not dose-dependent or consistent; no SR144528 antagonism was observed in either sex tested with CP55,940. Neither the time course of rimonabant antagonism nor the plasma levels of rimonabant differed between the sexes. Rimonabant and SR144528 did not antagonize morphine-induced antinociception, and naloxone did not antagonize THC-induced antinociception in either sex. These results suggest that THC produces acute antinociceptive and motoric effects via activation of CB 1 , and perhaps under some conditions, CB 2 receptors, in female rats, whereas THC acts primarily at CB 1 receptors in male rats. Higher apparent pK B for rimonabant in female rats suggests that cannabinoid drugs bind with greater affinity to CB 1 receptors in female than male rats, probably contributing to greater antinociceptive effects observed in female compared with male rats.

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“…Females were ovariectomized in order to control for fluctuations in endogenous estrogens throughout the estrous cycle. Females were not administered estradiol replacement, as this treatment has been shown to down-regulate the CB 1 receptor [20], and because cannabinoid tolerance may be mediated by cannabinoid receptor density, this could alter the rate of tolerance development. Female activity levels are not altered by the absence of ovarian hormones [21], so the lack of estrogen replacement would not be expected to affect the ambulatory measures taken in this study.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmentation of the Development of Behavioral Tolerance to Cannabinoid Administration through Pavlovian Conditioning

Hill¹,

Gorzalka²,

Choi³

2004

Neuropsychobiology

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This investigation examined the effects, in female rats, of a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm on the development of tolerance to hypolocomotion induced by the cannabinoid agonist HU-210. Rats were administered HU-210 and placebo in either an associative or a nonassociative fashion. The results indicated that rats in the associative paradigm developed tolerance significantly faster than those in the nonassociative group (p < 0.03). Subsequently, once tolerance had developed, the associative group of rats was administered HU-210 and placebo in the opposite environments. There were no differences found in locomotion between the CS+ and CS– environments following administration of HU-210. However, when the placebo was administered in the CS+ environment, there was a trend towards increased activity levels (p = 0.06), suggesting withdrawal-like behavior. These findings indicate that the underlying physiological mechanisms of tolerance development in the cannabinoid system are hastened by conditioning, but that these physiological alterations are not contingent upon the associative parameters used for drug administration.

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Sex Steroid Influence on Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor mRNA and Endocannabinoid Levels in the Anterior Pituitary Gland

Cited by 175 publications

References 31 publications

The Central Cannabinoid Receptor Inactivation Suppresses Endocrine Reproductive Functions

The Central Cannabinoid Receptor Inactivation Suppresses Endocrine Reproductive Functions

Sex Differences in Cannabinoid 1 vs. Cannabinoid 2 Receptor-Selective Antagonism of Antinociception Produced by Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol and CP55,940 in the Rat

Augmentation of the Development of Behavioral Tolerance to Cannabinoid Administration through Pavlovian Conditioning

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Sex Steroid Influence on Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor mRNA and Endocannabinoid Levels in the Anterior Pituitary Gland

Cited by 175 publications

References 31 publications

The Central Cannabinoid Receptor Inactivation Suppresses Endocrine Reproductive Functions

The Central Cannabinoid Receptor Inactivation Suppresses Endocrine Reproductive Functions

Sex Differences in Cannabinoid 1 vs. Cannabinoid 2 Receptor-Selective Antagonism of Antinociception Produced by Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and CP55,940 in the Rat

Augmentation of the Development of Behavioral Tolerance to Cannabinoid Administration through Pavlovian Conditioning

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Sex Differences in Cannabinoid 1 vs. Cannabinoid 2 Receptor-Selective Antagonism of Antinociception Produced by Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol and CP55,940 in the Rat