Sex differences in memory of emotional images: A behavioral and electrophysiological investigation

Glaser, Emma; Mendrek, Adrianna; Germain, Martine; Lakis, Nadia; Lavoie, Marc E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.01.007

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with previous studies, which found an increase of the old-new effect by 46% [ 22 ] and 32% [ 23 ] for correctly classified aversive words compared to neutral ones. This was also the case in a similar previous study using emotional pictures recognition, with 36% larger old-new effect in response to to unpleasant than to pleasant [ 24 ] Consistent with the FA rates, longer old-new RT differences could reflect this response bias to emotional material if high arousal images (pleasant and unpleasant) involve affect that is more salient and motivating. This could result in a higher response bias toward emotional images due to their higher saliency.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…All participants were recruited by announcements in the local media and were screened initially by telephone for suitability in terms of geographical accessibility, motivation to attend and absence of psychiatric or medical history. Only female participants were included in order to homogenize variance of our sample, since earlier studies demonstrated gender differences in affective processing and reported greater reactivity in women to aversive than pleasant pictures [ 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comparison between equally arousing pleasant and unpleasant images would clarify the separate influence of emotional valence and emotional arousal on specific memory stages. Based on previous data obtained with similar emotional images [ 4 , 24 ], we hypothesized that both valence and arousal would have an impact on recognition performances. Electrophysiologically, we also predicted that unpleasant images would mainly affect conscious recollection and, thus, reduce the left parietal old-new effect [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of emotional valence on episodic memory stages as indexed by event-related potentials

Lavoie¹,

O’Connor²

2013

WJNS

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Several investigations have shown that emotional events show superior recall than non-emotional ones. However, the cortical mechanisms underlying the episodic recall of emotional scenes are still poorly understood. Our main aim was to compare the magnitude of the Event-Related brain Potentials (ERP) old-new effect related to emotionally unpleasant, pleasant and neutral photographic images. As expected, correct recognition of all types of images elicited three topographically distinct ERP components sensitive to the classical old-new recognition effect. The results revealed that the behavioral performances were mainly sensitive to arousal, while the ERP old/new effect over posterior regions (300 – 1000 ms) was exclusively affected by unpleasantness. A later component (1000 – 1400 ms) showed an inverted old/ new effect at parietal sites, which was also sensitive to unpleasantness. These results imply that ERP reflecting episodic conscious recollection and post-retrieval monitoring are clearly affected both by valence and arousal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of emotional valence on episodic memory stages as indexed by event-related potentials

Lavoie¹,

O’Connor²

2013

WJNS

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“…Thus, emotional pleasantness (i.e., valence) would impact more on the anterior N200 components associated with selective attention and evaluation of primary characteristics of the stimuli, as well as the dimension of arousal. The arousal would be, therefore, processed later and thus associated with subsequent higher cognitive processing, as reflected by the P300 component (Dolcos and Cabeza, 2002; Glaser et al, 2012). The next logical step was to examine the potential involvement of gonadal hormones in these differences; because they are known to act on the regulation of emotional responses and represent a basic and measurable physiological difference between men and women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were informed that a series of pictures would be presented and they should pay attention to each during all the time of presentation. To ensure the continuous attention of participants, we asked them to press the keyboard spacebar, when they saw a human being in the picture (see Glaser et al, 2012 for similar procedures). The number of human being pictures was equivalent across the four experimental conditions (mean range = 1.12 and 1.64).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related brain potentials to emotional images and gonadal steroid hormone levels in patients with schizophrenia and paired controls

Champagne¹,

Mendrek²,

Germain³

et al. 2014

Front. Psychol.

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Prominent disturbances in the experience, expression, and emotion recognition in patients with schizophrenia have been relatively well documented over the last few years. Furthermore, sex differences in behavior and brain activity, associated with the processing of various emotions, have been reported in the general population and in schizophrenia patients. Others proposed that sex differences should be rather attributed to testosterone, which may play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Also, it had been suggested that estradiol may play a protective role in schizophrenia. Surprisingly, few studies investigating this pathology have focused on both brain substrates and gonadal steroid hormone levels, in emotional processing. In the present study, we investigated electrocortical responses related to emotional valence and arousal as well as gonadal steroid hormone levels in patients with schizophrenia. Event-Related Potentials (ERP) were recorded during exposition to emotional pictures in 18 patients with schizophrenia and in 24 control participants paired on intelligence, manual dominance and socioeconomic status. Given their previous sensitivity to emotional and attention processes, the P200, N200 and the P300 were selected for analysis. More precisely, emotional valence generally affects early components (N200), which reflect early process of selective attention, whereas emotional arousal and valence both influences the P300 component, which is related to memory context updating, and stimulus categorization. Results showed that, in the control group, the amplitude of the N200 was significantly more lateralized over the right hemisphere, while there was no such lateralization in patients with schizophrenia. In patients with schizophrenia, significantly smaller anterior P300 amplitude was observed to the unpleasant, compared to the pleasant. That anterior P300 reduction was also correlated with negative symptoms. The N200 and P300 amplitudes were positively correlated with the estradiol level in all conditions, revealing that the N200 and the P300 were reduced, when estradiol level was higher. Conversely, only the P300 amplitude showed positive correlation with the testosterone level.

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Effects of emotional decorative pictures on cognitive load as assessed by pupil dilation and EEG frequency band power

Scharinger

2023

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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The present study examined the effects of decorative pictures (DP) on cognitive load during learning factual knowledge from texts assessed by physiological proxies, namely pupil dilation and the electroencephalogram (EEG) theta (4-6 Hz) and alpha (8-13 Hz) frequency band power at frontal and parietal electrodes, respectively. In a complete within-subjects design the presence of DP positioned beside learning texts and the emotional content of the DP (i.e., negative, neutral, and positive DP) were manipulated. For DP present, pupil dilation and the EEG alpha frequency band power indicated increased cognitive load, specifically for negative DP. Behavioral performance measures (i.e., learning times and learning outcomes) were not affected by the presence of DP. Subjective effort ratings were also not affected by DP, although specifically the negative DP were subjectively perceived as distracting. In sum, DP only moderately affected cognitive load allowing subjects to compensate.

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Sex differences in memory of emotional images: A behavioral and electrophysiological investigation

Cited by 27 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of emotional valence on episodic memory stages as indexed by event-related potentials

Effect of emotional valence on episodic memory stages as indexed by event-related potentials

Event-related brain potentials to emotional images and gonadal steroid hormone levels in patients with schizophrenia and paired controls

Effects of emotional decorative pictures on cognitive load as assessed by pupil dilation and EEG frequency band power

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