Sex-dependent vascular effects of cadmium sub-chronic exposure on rats

Oliveira, Thiago Fernandes de; Rossi, Emilly M.; Costa, Charles S. da; Graceli, Jones Bernardes; Krause, Maiara; Carneiro, Maria Tereza Weitzel Dias; Almenara, Camila Cruz Pereira; Padilha, Alessandra Simão

doi:10.1007/s10534-022-00470-w

“…Cadmium (Cd) is a poisonous heavy metal and released into the environment continuously from natural and industrial sources [1]. Exposure to small amounts of Cd over an extended period may produce serious effects in human and animal health [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rutin Nanoparticles Alleviate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative and Immune Damage in Broilers’ Bursa of Fabricius via Modulating Hsp70/TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Abomosallam,

Hendam,

Shouman

et al. 2024

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Cadmium (Cd) is a serious environmental pollutant affecting various tissues/organs in broilers and compromising their immunological function and productivity. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate Cd-induced immunotoxicity and potential immunoprotective effect of rutin nanoparticles (RNPs) in the bursal tissue of broilers. A total number of 150 chicks from the Hubbard breed were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group I was fed on standard basal diet (SD) with normal drinking water (DW), Group II received SD containing RNPs (50 mg/kg feed) with DW, Group III fed on SD and DW containing Cd (150 mg/L), Group IV co-treated with rutin-enforced SD (50 mg/kg diet) and DW containing Cd (150 mg/L), and finally, Group V co-supplemented with RNP-enhanced SD (50 mg/kg diet) DW containing Cd (150 mg/L). Productive performance, economic efficiency, oxidative biomarkers, histopathological changes, and the expression level of TLR-4, HSP-70, caspase 3, NF-κB, Bcl-2, and Bax were assessed in the BF tissue. Cd led to severe production and economic losses in exposed birds with a marked surge of oxidative biomarkers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological changes in the bursal tissue which could be explained through upregulation of the Hsp70/TLR4/NF-κB molecular pathway in the BF tissue. Meanwhile, RNPs could alleviate most of these changes and prevail optimistic immunomodulatory properties which subsequently could enhance broilers’ productivity when incorporated in their diets. Graphical Abstract

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In vitro cadmium exposure induces structural damage and endothelial dysfunction in female rat aorta

Sepulchro Mulher,

Simões,

Rossi

et al. 2023

Biometals

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Cadmium is a heavy metal that is widespread in the environment and has been described as a metalloestrogen and a cardiovascular risk factor. Experimental studies conducted in male animals have shown that cadmium exposure induces vascular dysfunction, which could lead to vasculopathies caused by this metal. However, it is necessary to investigate the vascular effects of cadmium in female rats to understand its potential gender-speci c impact on the cardiovascular system. While its effects on male rats have been studied, cadmium may act differently in females due to its potential as a metalloestrogen. In vitro studies conducted in a controlled environment allow for a direct assessment of cadmium's impact on vascular function, and the use of female rats ensures that gender-speci c effects are evaluated.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of Cadmium Chloride (ClCd2, 5µM) exposure on vascular reactivity in the isolated aorta of female Wistar rats. Exposure to ClCd2 damaged the architecture of the vascular endothelium. ClCd2 incubation increased the production and release of O2•-, reduced the participation of potassium (K+) channels, and increased the participation of the angiotensin II pathway in response to phenylephrine. Moreover, estrogen receptors alpha (Erα) modulated vascular reactivity to phenylephrine in the presence of cadmium, supporting the hypothesis that cadmium could act as a metalloestrogen. Our results demonstrated that in vitro cadmium exposure induces damage to endothelial architecture and an increase in oxidative stress in the isolated aorta of female rats, which could precipitate vasculopathies. INTRODUCTIONCadmium (Cd) is a non-essential metal that, in its ionic form, is considered a highly toxic element to the environment, as it has high transfer rates to the soil (ATSDR 2012; Satarug 2018). Cd is obtained from geogenic processes and anthropogenic sources, including the burning of fossil fuels, soil contamination from improper disposal of electronic waste, and the use of phosphate fertilizers (Jacobson and Turner 1980;Faroon O, Ashizawa A, Wright S 2012;Sripada and Lager 2022).Population exposure to Cd mainly occurs through soil and food contamination. Vegetables and tobacco leaves accumulate high levels of Cd from the soil, making them sources of contamination through consumption of contaminated food and inhalation of tobacco smoke (Hengstler et al. 2003;Satarug et al. 2003;ATSDR 2012). In fact, smokers have approximately three times the blood concentration of Cd compared to non-smokers (1.58 µg/L for smokers vs. 0.47 µg/L for non-smokers) (Abu-Hayyeh et al. 2001).Cd is an identi ed risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in humans (

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In vitro cadmium exposure induces structural damage and endothelial dysfunction in female rat aorta

Mulher,

Simões,

Rossi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Cadmium is a heavy metal that is widespread in the environment and has been described as a metalloestrogen and a cardiovascular risk factor. Experimental studies conducted in male animals have shown that cadmium exposure induces vascular dysfunction, which could lead to vasculopathies caused by this metal. However, it is necessary to investigate the vascular effects of cadmium in female rats to understand its potential gender-specific impact on the cardiovascular system. While its effects on male rats have been studied, cadmium may act differently in females due to its potential as a metalloestrogen. In vitro studies conducted in a controlled environment allow for a direct assessment of cadmium's impact on vascular function, and the use of female rats ensures that gender-specific effects are evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of Cadmium Chloride (ClCd2, 5µM) exposure on vascular reactivity in the isolated aorta of female Wistar rats. Exposure to ClCd2 damaged the architecture of the vascular endothelium. ClCd2 incubation increased the production and release of O2•-, reduced the participation of potassium (K+) channels, and increased the participation of the angiotensin II pathway in response to phenylephrine. Moreover, estrogen receptors alpha (Erα) modulated vascular reactivity to phenylephrine in the presence of cadmium, supporting the hypothesis that cadmium could act as a metalloestrogen. Our results demonstrated that in vitro cadmium exposure induces damage to endothelial architecture and an increase in oxidative stress in the isolated aorta of female rats, which could precipitate vasculopathies.

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Sex-dependent vascular effects of cadmium sub-chronic exposure on rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Rutin Nanoparticles Alleviate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative and Immune Damage in Broilers’ Bursa of Fabricius via Modulating Hsp70/TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Rutin Nanoparticles Alleviate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative and Immune Damage in Broilers’ Bursa of Fabricius via Modulating Hsp70/TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

In vitro cadmium exposure induces structural damage and endothelial dysfunction in female rat aorta

In vitro cadmium exposure induces structural damage and endothelial dysfunction in female rat aorta

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