Sex-Based Differences in Skeletal Muscle Kinetics and Fiber-Type Composition

Haizlip, Kaylan M.; Harrison, Brooke C.; Leinwand, Leslie A.

doi:10.1152/physiol.00024.2014

Cited by 337 publications

(365 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Thus there was also greater relative expression of MHC IIAX and less expression of MHC I in men than women in general (Fig. 3C), in keeping with prior reports (24).…”

Section: Mhc Isoform Expression In Tissue Homogenates and Singlefibersupporting

confidence: 90%

Chronic disuse and skeletal muscle structure in older adults: sex-specific differences and relationships to contractile function

Callahan

Tourville

Miller

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Callahan DM, Tourville TW, Miller MS, Hackett SB, Sharma H, Cruickshank NC, Slauterbeck JR, Savage PD, Ades PA, Maughan DW, Beynnon BD, Toth MJ. Chronic disuse and skeletal muscle structure in older adults: sex-specific differences and relationships to contractile function. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 308: C932-C943, 2015. First published March 25, 2015; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00014.2015.-In older adults, we examined the effect of chronic muscle disuse on skeletal muscle structure at the tissue, cellular, organellar, and molecular levels and its relationship to muscle function. Volunteers with advanced-stage knee osteoarthritis (OA, n ϭ 16) were recruited to reflect the effects of chronic lower extremity muscle disuse and compared with recreationally active controls (n ϭ 15) without knee OA but similar in age, sex, and health status. In the OA group, quadriceps muscle and single-fiber cross-sectional area were reduced, with the largest reduction in myosin heavy chain IIA fibers. Myosin heavy chain IIAX fibers were more prevalent in the OA group, and their atrophy was sex-specific: men showed a reduction in crosssectional area, and women showed no differences. Myofibrillar ultrastructure, myonuclear content, and mitochondrial content and morphology generally did not differ between groups, with the exception of sex-specific adaptations in subsarcolemmal (SS) mitochondria, which were driven by lower values in OA women. SS mitochondrial content was also differently related to cellular and molecular functional parameters by sex: greater SS mitochondrial content was associated with improved contractility in women but reduced function in men.Collectively, these results demonstrate sex-specific structural phenotypes at the cellular and organellar levels with chronic disuse in older adults, with novel associations between energetic and contractile systems. mitochondria; physical activity; ultrastructure; myosin AGING AND DISEASE are frequently accompanied by reduced functional capacity and the development of physical disability (18). Reductions in physical activity with age are well documented (28,60,68) and promote chronic disease (31,44,53) and disability. As a result of their temporal coordination, it is difficult to disentangle the relative influence of age, disease, and physical inactivity on skeletal muscle biology and, in turn, the progression toward physical disability. Indeed, many of the muscle phenotypes that accompany aging and chronic disease, such as atrophy and contractile dysfunction, closely mimic those that accompany muscle disuse (1,46). Whether developed gradually or rapidly following a clinical event, muscle disuse in chronic conditions, such as heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is characterized by its persistent nature, as numerous studies reveal reduced habitual activity levels in these populations (28,60,68). Our understanding of the effects of chronic disuse on skeletal muscle size and structure is limited, in part, by the fact that it would be unethical to experimentally impose ...

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“…Thus there was also greater relative expression of MHC IIAX and less expression of MHC I in men than women in general (Fig. 3C), in keeping with prior reports (24).…”

Section: Mhc Isoform Expression In Tissue Homogenates and Singlefibersupporting

confidence: 90%

Chronic disuse and skeletal muscle structure in older adults: sex-specific differences and relationships to contractile function

Callahan

Tourville

Miller

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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“…Even though our findings display female superiority on the SBE test, muscular endurance by SBE seems to be a measure of musculoskeletal fitness in which gender differences are not as clear as other aspects of musculoskeletal fitness [12]. Haizlip, Harrison, and Leinwand [31] clearly state that muscular endurance is a measure of muscular fitness in which females are superior to males, due to the larger number of type I muscle fibers characterized by slow oxidative metabolism. However, males showed significantly higher mean scores on muscular endurance by the MPU test in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Normative values for musculoskeletal- and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy Norwegian adults and the association with obesity: a cross-sectional study

Kjær

Torstveit

Kolle

et al. 2016

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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BackgroundUp-to-date research on musculoskeletal- and neuromotor fitness (MSMF) is lacking. The aims of the present paper were to a) establish normative values of MSMF by gender and age, and b) to assess how much of the variance in MSMF can be explained by obesity in adults.MethodsA random selection of 726 Norwegians (20–65 years) participated in a national cross-sectional study. Muscular endurance, muscular strength, explosive power, flexibility and balance were assessed in addition to waist circumference (WC).ResultsFemales displayed significantly higher scores compared to males on muscular endurance of the back extensors and on the flexibility tests (p < 0.001). Males displayed significantly higher scores than females (p < 0.001) on handgrip strength, modified push-ups, and explosive power. An inverse association was found between age and all MSMF scores for females (Beta:−0.06–(−0.92), p ≤ 0.044) and males (Beta:−0.15–(0.91), p ≤ 0.006), where younger participants displayed higher test scores on all MSMF tests, compared to older participants. Furthermore, participants showing higher scores on WC displayed lower scores on the following MSMF tests for both females and males: muscular endurance of the back extensors, balance, flexibility of the shoulder, and explosive power (p < 0.001). Additionally, male participants with higher WC scores showed lower scores on muscular endurance of the upper body and flexibility of the hamstrings compared to males with lower WC scores (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe data provide normative values of MSMF for adults based on age and gender, and support an inverse relationship of MSMF to age and WC.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13102-016-0059-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Sexual dimorphism in structure and physiological processes, including with AChE response, in mice is recognized throughout the scientific literature (Haizlip et al, 2015;Steegenga et al, 2014;Loy and Sheldon, 1987). The observed statistically significant (p < 0.05) interaction between sex and dose ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

The impact on the activity of acetylcholinesterase of a polylysine-ApoE peptide carrier targeting the blood brain barrier

Michelena

Tian

Zhou

et al. 2018

Fundam. Toxicol. Sci.

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-The K16ApoE peptide has been demonstrated to deliver a supraphysiological level of protein therapeutics to the brain and further increase the life-span of mice with a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). If successfully developed, K16ApoE would provide new treatments for LSD and many other neurological diseases. However, while the K16ApoE can cross the blood-brain barrier, data indicates a toxic response associated with it. The mechanism of toxicity must be resolved for further clinical translation. The toxic response towards the peptide was hypothesized to be induced by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at neuro-muscular junction. Here, the dose-response analysis between AChE and K16ApoE was conducted in both female and male mice. Results demonstrated that AChE activity was significantly reduced with increasing dose of K16ApoE except for the mid-dose where a dramatic increase in AChE activity was observed. Also, obvious difference in response to K16ApoE was shown when considering the influence from sex and body weight. Though the statistical analysis of the dose response and survival ratio suggested that AChE is not the primary mechanism of action for the acute toxicity of K16ApoE, the complex inhibition/stimulation response of AChE indicated that this enzyme must play a role in the toxicity of the peptide.

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Sex-Based Differences in Skeletal Muscle Kinetics and Fiber-Type Composition

Cited by 337 publications

References 103 publications

Chronic disuse and skeletal muscle structure in older adults: sex-specific differences and relationships to contractile function

Chronic disuse and skeletal muscle structure in older adults: sex-specific differences and relationships to contractile function

Normative values for musculoskeletal- and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy Norwegian adults and the association with obesity: a cross-sectional study

The impact on the activity of acetylcholinesterase of a polylysine-ApoE peptide carrier targeting the blood brain barrier

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