Sesamol exhibits potent antimycobacterial activity: Underlying mechanisms and impact on virulence traits

Hans, Sandeep; Sharma, Sharda; Hameed, Saif; Fatima, Zeeshan

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2017.06.007

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Postincubation, images of the individual colonies were taken at 40x magnification. For M. smegmatis , colony morphology was determined as described earlier [ 11 , 12 ]. Briefly, cells were plated on MB7H10 agar plates supplemented with 10% OADC (BD Difco) and incubated at 37°C for 2 to 4 days in presence of subinhibitory concentration of MB (3.9 μ g/mL) as determined by growth curve experiments (data not shown).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OD 600 from each untreated and treated cultures were measured at each min till 30 minutes. For M. smegmatis , cell sedimentation assay was performed as described elsewhere [ 11 , 12 ]. Cultures at OD 600 1.0–1.4 of the control and cells treated with MB at its subinhibitory concentration (3.9 μ g/mL) in Middlebrook media supplemented with ADC were adjusted to OD 590 1.0 and kept unshaken at 37°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propidium iodide (PI) is membrane impermeable dye and is widely used to differentiate cells that have damaged or nonintact plasma membranes from healthy cells [ 12 , 14 ]. To evaluate the effect of MB on the plasma membrane of C. albicans (approximately 1 × 10 3 CFUs/ml) and M. smegmatis , cells were obtained from exponential phase and exposed to MB (25 μ g/ml and 3.9 μ g/ml, resp.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After washing with PBS buffer pH of 7.4 and resuspension in the same buffer, the cells were observed in fluorescence microscope with the excitation and emission value at 488 nm, slit 5 nm and 540 nm, and slit 10 nm, respectively, at 40x. 3 mM H 2 O 2 was used as positive control and ascorbic acid (AA) at 2.5 mM as antioxidant [ 12 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells were stained with DAPI to detect DNA damage as described elsewhere [ 12 , 14 ]. The cells of exponential phase were inoculated and grown overnight in presence of MB at 30°C for Candida and 37°C for Mycobacterium and DNA damage was identified by staining with 0.1 μ g/mL DAPI for 15 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Nonphotodynamic Roles of Methylene Blue: Display of Distinct Antimycobacterial and Anticandidal Mode of Actions

Pal

Ansari

Saibabu

et al. 2018

Journal of Pathogens

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Significance of methylene blue (MB) in photodynamic therapy against microbes is well established. Previously, we have reported the antifungal potential of MB against Candida albicans. The present study attempts to identify additional antimicrobial effect of MB against another prevalent human pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). We explored that MB is efficiently inhibiting the growth of Mycobacterium at 15.62 μg/ml albeit in bacteriostatic manner similar to its fungistatic nature. We uncovered additional cell surface phenotypes (colony morphology and cell sedimentation rate) which were impaired only in Mycobacterium. Mechanistic insights revealed that MB causes energy dependent membrane perturbation in both C. albicans and Mycobacterium. We also confirmed that MB leads to enhanced reactive oxygen species generation in both organisms that could be reversed upon antioxidant supplementation; however, DNA damage could only be observed in Mycobacterium. We provided evidence that although biofilm formation was disrupted in both organisms, cell adherence to human epithelial cells was inhibited only in Mycobacterium. Lastly, RT-PCR results showed good correlation with the biochemical assay. Together, apart from the well-established role of MB in photodynamic therapy, this study provides insights into the distinct antimicrobial mode of actions in two significant human pathogens, Candida and Mycobacterium, which can be extrapolated to improve our understanding of finding novel therapeutic options.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nonphotodynamic Roles of Methylene Blue: Display of Distinct Antimycobacterial and Anticandidal Mode of Actions

Pal

Ansari

Saibabu

et al. 2018

Journal of Pathogens

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Sesamol attenuates bleomycin‐induced pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis in experimental animals

Kaushik

Bhargava

Sharma

et al. 2023

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Sesamol, a lignan obtained from roasted seeds of Sesamum indicum, has high antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity. In this study, we have investigated the effect of sesamol on Bleomycin (BLM) induced pulmonary toxicity as well as fibrosis in Wistar rats. Lung toxicity was induced by administration of BLM, 0.015 U/g ip, twice weekly for 28 days whereas lung fibrosis was induced by BLM, 0.015 U/g ip, every 5th day for 49 days. Sesamol administration was started 7 days before first dose of BLM in both the models. It was observed that sesamol 50 mg/kg most effectively attenuated pulmonary toxicity by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. This dose was further evaluated for its anti‐fibrotic effect. It was observed that there was a significant reduction in fibrosis. Lung collagen content was markedly reduced. Furthermore, expression of pro‐fibrotic proteins, TGF‐β/SMAD and α‐SMA, was reduced and that of anti‐fibrotic protein, AMPK, was markedly increased. Even though the combination of sesamol with pirfenidone exhibited no additional protection than either drug alone, it is evident from our study that our test drug, sesamol is comparable in efficacy to pirfenidone. Thus, sesamol has promising therapeutic potential in treatment of pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis.

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Understanding lipidomic basis of iron limitation induced chemosensitization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

et al. 2019

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Under limited micronutrients condition, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has to struggle for acquisition of the limited micronutrients available in the host. One such crucial micronutrient that MTB requires for the growth and sustenance is iron. The present study aimed to sequester the iron supply of MTB to control drug resistance in MTB. We found that iron restriction renders hypersensitivity to multidrug-resistant MTB strains against first-line anti-TB drugs. To decipher the effect of iron restriction on possible mechanisms of chemosensitization and altered cellular circuitry governing drug resistance and virulence of MTB, we explored MTB cellular architecture. We could identify non-intact cell envelope, tampered MTB morphology and diminished mycolic acid under iron restricted MDR-MTB cells. Deeper exploration unraveled altered lipidome profile observed through conventional TLC and advanced mass spectrometry-based LC-ESI-MS techniques. Lipidome analysis not only depicted profound alterations of various lipid classes which are crucial for pathogenecity but also exposed leads such as indispensability of iron to sustain metabolic, genotoxic and oxidative stresses. Furthermore, iron deprivation led to inhibited biofilm formation and capacity of MTB to adhere buccal epithelial cells. Lastly, we demonstrated enhanced survival of Mycobacterium-infected Caenorhabditis elegans model under iron limitation. The present study offers evidence and proposes alteration of lipidome profile and affected virulence traits upon iron chelation. Taken together, iron deprivation could be a potential strategy to rescue MDR and enhance the effectiveness of existing anti-TB drugs. Keywords Myocbacterium • Iron • Lipids • Membrane • Lipidomics • Glyoxylate cycle • Biofilm Abbreviations MTB Mycobacterium tuberculosis MDR Multidrug resistance ADC Albumin dextrose catalase OADC Oleic albumin dextrose catalase 2,4 DNP 2,4 dinitrophenol CFW Calcoflour white CV Crystal violet Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

show abstract

Sesamol exhibits potent antimycobacterial activity: Underlying mechanisms and impact on virulence traits

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Nonphotodynamic Roles of Methylene Blue: Display of Distinct Antimycobacterial and Anticandidal Mode of Actions

Nonphotodynamic Roles of Methylene Blue: Display of Distinct Antimycobacterial and Anticandidal Mode of Actions

Sesamol attenuates bleomycin‐induced pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis in experimental animals

Understanding lipidomic basis of iron limitation induced chemosensitization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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