Serum zinc levels in hospitalized children with pneumonia: a hospital-based case–control study

Hamed, Amira M. M.; Kassem, Yasser T.; Fayed, Hamada Kawshty; Solaiman, Ahmed Mahmoud

doi:10.4103/ejb.ejb_30_19

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pneumonia is an acute infection affecting the lung and alveoli that can be caused by many different micro-organisms (viruses, bacteria, or fungi) ( Li et al, 2020 ). in which pathogens enter the lung, causing inflammation and weakening the gas exchange mechanism between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries ( Jafarzadeh and Oscuii, 2019 ; Hamed et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common type of pneumonia where individuals are affected by the pathogen away from hospitals or other healthcare facilities ( Symington and Scott, 2017 ). In addition, it is considered a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world, especially in children under 5 years of age ( Hamed et al, 2019 ; Harel-Sterling et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of zinc versus vitamin A supplementation on pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Saied¹,

Borolossy

Ramzy

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common infectious diseases affecting the respiratory tract and is responsible for a high mortality rate in children less than 5 years of age. The mortality rate due to CAP is much higher in low/middle-income countries than in high-income countries due to malnutrition and different micronutrient deficiencies that weaken the immune system.Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of zinc and vitamin A, as two elements of micronutrient agents, on the recovery rate of children suffering from CAP aged from 6 months to 5 years. The length of hospital stays was also investigated.Method: A comparative, randomized, open-label, controlled, interventional study was carried out among children less than 5 years of age in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) diagnosed with CAP who were randomly divided into three groups. In addition to the standard therapy, group 1 was given zinc, group 2 was given vitamin A, and group 3 was the control group, given the standard therapy only. We compared the three groups in terms of recovery rate and hospital stay.Result: The duration of hospitalization following zinc and vitamin A supplementation was reduced by an average of 3.21 days (95% CI: 5.01–1.41, p = 0.01) and 2.43 days (95% CI: 4.29–0.57, p = 0.01), respectively, compared to the control group. In addition, the two groups of vitamin A and zinc supplementation were associated with a shorter duration of pneumonic effusion (p < 0.001) in comparison to the control group. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the effects of zinc and vitamin A when compared to each other in terms of duration of hospital stay and pneumatic effusion.Conclusion: The administration of zinc or vitamin A supplementation proved to be useful as an add-on therapy in community-acquired pneumonia, where it reduced the length of hospital stay and the duration of pneumonic effusion in pneumonic children less than 5 years of age.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of zinc versus vitamin A supplementation on pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Saied¹,

Borolossy

Ramzy

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…17 In Assiut's study, there was no significant association between rural residence and CAP. 9 Inconsistently, the urban residence was found to be a risk factor for CAP cases in children under the age of five in Finland. 25 The current study found that underweight was the highest significant predictor of community-acquired pneumonia in the final regression model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…7 The impact of CAP became more evident in Upper Egypt societies and has placed a substantial burden on already overburdened health and community services. 8,9 Indeed, few studies in Egypt have explored the determinants of pediatric pneumonia. Given the seriousness of CAP and variability of potential risk factors in under-five children, the current study intended to understand whether the studied factors could increase the vulnerability of previously healthy children to acquire pneumonia in one of Upper Egypt's health care settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Community-Acquired Pneumonia among Children Under-Five Years in Aswan, Egypt: Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

2022

The Egypt. J. of Community Medicine

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“…Zinc has been studied in the context of bacterial infections, particularly in children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP is a prevalent respiratory tract infection with high mortality rates in children under 5 years of age [ 91 , 92 ]. Saied et al demonstrated that zinc supplementation, as an adjunctive therapy, reduced the length of hospital stay [ 93 ] and the duration of lung effusion in children with pneumonia under 5 years of age [ 94 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Zinc in Developed Countries in Pediatric Patients: A 360-Degree View

Padoan,

Piccoli,

Pietrobelli

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Zinc is an important trace element for growth and health at pediatric ages. Zinc is fundamental in inflammatory pathways, oxidative balance, and immune function. Zinc exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by modulating Nuclear Factor-kappa (NF-κB) activity and reducing histamine release from basophils, leukocytes, and mast cells. Furthermore, its antioxidant activity protects against oxidative damage and chronic diseases. Finally, zinc improves the ability to trigger effective immune responses against pathogens by contributing to the maturation of lymphocytes, the production of cytokines, and the regulation of apoptosis. Given these properties, zinc can be considered an adjunctive therapy in treating and preventing respiratory, nephrological, and gastrointestinal diseases, both acute and chronic. This review aims to deepen the role and metabolism of zinc, focusing on the role of supplementation in developed countries in pediatric diseases.

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Serum zinc levels in hospitalized children with pneumonia: a hospital-based case–control study

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of zinc versus vitamin A supplementation on pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Effect of zinc versus vitamin A supplementation on pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Determinants of Community-Acquired Pneumonia among Children Under-Five Years in Aswan, Egypt: Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

The Role of Zinc in Developed Countries in Pediatric Patients: A 360-Degree View

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