Serum soluble CD25 as a risk factor of renal impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus — a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Objective Serum soluble CD25 (sCD25) could be used as a biomarker for disease activity in conditions associated with T-cell activation including various autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to explore the role of sCD25 as an indicator of disease activity and organ involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Serum samples were collected from 107 SLE patients and 92 age-matched healthy controls (HCs). All patients were followed up for 24 weeks, and sCD25 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded at baseline and then every two weeks until week 24. The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index-2000 (SLEDAI)-2K was adopted for assessing disease activity at all visits. Results Serum sCD25 levels were significantly increased in SLE patients compared to those in HCs ( p < 0.001). More patients in the high-sCD25 group had lupus nephritis, arthritis and vasculitis ( p = 0.010, p = 0.023 and p = 0.042, respectively). SLEDAI-2K, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and 24-hour urinary protein excretion were all associated with high levels of sCD25 ( p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.038 and p = 0.029, respectively). During the 24-week follow-up, more patients in the high-sCD25 group developed renal impairment (48% vs 6.2%, p = 0.005), and higher levels of sCD25 ( p = 0.033) were found at the time of onset of renal disease. Conclusions Serum sCD25 is a hallmark of disease activity and a predictor of renal disease in patients with SLE.

Etoposide as an Effective Drug for Adult Macrophage Activation Syndrome: A Retrospective Study

“…In addition to assessing the activity, examination of NK cell activity, sCD25 and serum ferritin are valuable for patients with rapid condition deterioration. Meanwhile, the signi cance of sCD25 in autoimmune diseases has gradually attracted attention [15,16], whether routine monitoring of sCD25 is needed or not in patients with autoimmune diseases still needs further study.…”

Urinary Soluble Alpha Chain of the Interleukin-2 Receptor as a Biomarker of Active Lupus Nephritis in Egyptian Children With Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…[ 20 ] Renal involvement is a frequent finding in JSLE patients and it usually leads to increased mortality rate if not probably diagnosed and treated. [ 21 ] Early diagnosis is the target of recent researches. Soluble CD25 is a new biomarker that has been studied in LN and was proven to have a role in LN pathogenesis and activity.…”

“…Detection of serum[ 20 , 21 ] and urinary[ 22 , 23 ] sCD25 were reported to be sensitive and specific for adult LN activity. It is easier to obtain urine than blood samples from children.…”

“…Its earlier expression is usually detected prior to lymphocyte proliferation or other cell surface activity determinants while its higher levels in serum and urine give it the strength to be a good predictor of autoimmunity. [17][18][19] Detection of serum 20,21 and urinary 22,23 sCD25 were reported to be sensitive and specific for adult LN activity. It is easier to obtain urine than blood samples from children.…”

Hemoglobin drives inflammation and initiates antigen spread and nephritis in lupus

“…51 Enhanced transcription of IL-2RA (CD25) is observed in activated CD4 T cells, and studies suggest that serum levels of the molecule can serve as a marker of disease activity. 52 Though these initial leads are interesting, validation on a larger number of subjects is obviously critical.…”