Serum Enzymes

Panteghini, Mauro; Bais, Renze

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6164-9.00022-6

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…This assertion is corroborated by Parvizi et al [34], who reported that streptozotocin induced diabetes caused a significant increase in serum blood urea nitrogen level in type1 diabetes mellitus. ALT, AST and ALP are part of the liver enzymes [35]. They are frequently used to diagnose or screen for hepatobiliary disease, examine the progression of a disease as well as to monitor or detect the hepatotoxicity that may arise from the use of drugs or substances [36, 37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of hydroethanolic root extract of Uvaria chamae in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats

Emordi

Agbaje

Oreagba

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterised by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is a global epidemic ravaging both developed and developing countries. The situation will worsen if nothing is done urgently. In fact, the need to identify natural products with antidiabetic potentials is of great importance as supported by several research efforts all over the world, in search of antidiabetic plant based products that are safe and efficacious. Available literatures show that several phytochemicals with antidiabetic properties have been identified in certain plants amongst which include Uvaria chamae. The potentials of Uvaria chamae as an antidiabetic and hypolipidemic drug-candidate are thus tested.MethodsDiabetes mellitus was experimentally induced after the rats were fasted overnight by administering intraperitoneally, 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. After 72 h, the rats with plasma glucose levels >200 mg/dl were classified as diabetic. A total of six groups containing five rats per group were used. One group of diabetic rats was untreated. Three diabetic groups, each were treated orally with 100, 250 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract. Another diabetic group was treated with insulin (0.5 IU/kg) subcutaneously. The control received 0.5 ml (2% solution) of acacia orally. The treatment was for 8 days. The effects of the extract on weight, plasma glucose and other biochemical parameters were evaluated using standard procedures.ResultsThe diabetic rats treated with the extract showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in weight, plasma glucose levels, low density lipoprotein and cholesterol compared with the control. The 100, 250 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract showed maximum glucose reduction of 85.16, 81.50 and 86.02% respectively. Histologically the pancreas of the diabetic rats treated with the extract, showed clusters of variably sized regenerated islet of Langerhans within sheets of normal exocrine pancreas, while the pancreas of diabetic rats treated with insulin showed no islet of Langerhans.ConclusionThe study showed that Uvaria chamae caused weight loss and has good hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities that may reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of hydroethanolic root extract of Uvaria chamae in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats

Emordi

Agbaje

Oreagba

et al. 2016

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…Therefore, there is a need for critical appraisal of such publications and only those that fulfill recommendations for biological variability data production should be considered in order to derive APS [43]. Table 2 reports performance specifications for allowable maximum uncertainty in enzyme measurements by clinical laboratories, obtained from studies using robust protocols to evaluate biological variability [1].…”

Section: Professionals Establish Analytical Performance Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1]. Consequently, the analytical validity and standardization of their measurements have a central role and may become a matter of patient safety, thus potentially affecting the way enzyme tests should be used to provide optimal care [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and impact of enzyme measurement standardization

Infusino

Frusciante

Braga

et al. 2017

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) has established reference measurement procedures (RMPs) for the most popular enzymes. Manufacturers should assign values to commercial calibrators traceable to these RMPs to achieve equivalent results in clinical samples, independent of reagent kits, instruments, and laboratory where the measurement is carried out. The situation is, however, far from acceptable. Some manufacturers continue to market assays giving results that are not traceable to internationally accepted RMPs. Meanwhile, end-users often do not abandon assays with demonstrated insufficient quality. Of the enzyme measurements, creatine kinase (CK) is satisfactorily standardized and a substantial improvement in performance of marketed γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) assays has been demonstrated. Conversely, aminotransferase measurements often exceed the desirable analytical performance because of the lack of pyridoxal-5-phosphate addition in the commercial reagents. Measurements of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and α-amylase (AMY) still show major disagreement, suggesting the need for improvement in implementing traceability to higher-order references. This is mainly the result of using assays with different analytical selectivities for these enzymes. The definition by laboratory professionals of the clinically acceptable measurement uncertainty for each enzyme together with the adoption by EQAS of commutable materials and use of an evaluation approach based on trueness represent the way forward for reaching standardization in clinical enzymology.

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“…In vitro hemolysis is recognised as a frequent source of error in clinical laboratory and the measurement of CK and CK-MB activity is affected positively because enzymes and intermediates [adenylate kinase (AK), ATP, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)] liberated from erythrocytes may affect the lag phase and the side reactions occurring in the assay system [2].…”

Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hemolysis on the assays of serum CK, CK-MB activities and CK-MB (MASS), troponin and myoglobin measurments

Özcan¹,

Karakas²,

Yücel³

2012

Turk J Bioch

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Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of in vitro hemolysis on serum creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB isoenzyme activities with creatine kinase MB mass, troponin I and myoglobin measurements. Materials and methods:We prepared serum pools having analyte concentrations at normal and pathological values. Hemolysate was added into serum pools to obtain aliquotes with final hemoglobin concentrations of 21, 10.5, 5.25, 2.625, 1.312, 0.656, 0.328, 0.164, 0.08 and 0.041 g/L. Creatine kinase (by N-acetylcysteine-activated IFCC method) and creatine kinase MB activities (by immunoinhibition method) were measured in these pools. Creatine kinase MB (mass), troponin I and myoglobin concentrations were measured by chemiluminescence method. Mean percent changes were calculated and graphed as interferographs. Results: It was found that the positive interference due to hemolysis began to exceed the limit of 10% at lower Hb concentration for CK-MB activity than CK activity. When reference change value were considered, the critical effect of hemolysis began at higher hemoglobin concentrations. Hemolysis did not affect creatine kinase MB mass, troponin and myoglobin measurements when the limit of 10% change was considered. Conclusions: CK-MB activity is affected more profoundly than CK activity by hemolysis.

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Serum Enzymes

Cited by 27 publications

References 73 publications

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of hydroethanolic root extract of Uvaria chamae in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of hydroethanolic root extract of Uvaria chamae in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats

Progress and impact of enzyme measurement standardization

Effects of hemolysis on the assays of serum CK, CK-MB activities and CK-MB (MASS), troponin and myoglobin measurments

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