Serum Concentrations of Uric Acid and the Metabolic Syndrome Among US Children and Adolescents

Abstract

Background-The association between concentrations of uric acid and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents remains incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to examine how these 2 were associated in a nationally representative sample of US children and adolescents. Methods and Results-We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 1370 males and females aged 12 to 17 years using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 -2002. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was Ͻ1% among participants in the lowest quartile of serum concentration of uric acid, 3.7% in the second quartile, 10.3% in the third quartile, and 21.1% in the highest quartile. Compared with the lowest 2 quartiles of uric acid together (Յ291.5 mol/L), the odds ratios were 5.80 (95% confidence interval, 3.22 to 10.46) for those in the third quartile (Ͼ291.5 to Յ339 mol/L or Ͼ4.9 to Յ5.7 mg/dL) and 14.79 (95% confidence interval, 7.78 to 28.11) for those in the top quartile (Ͼ339 mol/L) after adjustment for age, sex, race or ethnicity, and concentrations of C-reactive protein.Starting with the lowest quartile of concentration of uric acid, mean concentrations of serum insulin were 66.2, 66.7, 79.9, and 90.9 pmol/L for ascending quartiles, respectively (P for trend Ͻ0.001). Conclusions-Among US children and adolescents, serum concentrations of uric acid are strongly associated with the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and several of its components.

Associação entre ácido úrico e variáveis de risco cardiovascular em uma população não hospitalar

“…The highest prevalence of MS with increasing levels of UA was also demonstrated by a study carried out by Choi and Ford 16,17 using data from NHANES. In some other studies, such as the one by Coutinho et al 33 and Desai et al 15 , it can be observed that US was associated with components that constitute MS, and the higher the number of components of the syndrome, the higher the association.…”

“…Several studies have demonstrated that UA is an independent risk variable for cardiovascular risk factors [2][3][4][5][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] .…”

Trends in Metabolic Syndrome Severity and Lifestyle Factors Among Adolescents

“…Traditional MetS criteria, such as those developed for adults by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (ATP-III) 1 or adolescent adaptations, 2 define MetS diagnosis as presence of at least 3 abnormalities among these 5 clinical components. MetS is a priority to characterize because it is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).…”

Xanthine Oxidase and Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Children

“…In addition, the findings are also consistent with previous studies in an obese pediatric population whereby in vivo XO activity was increased, as assessed by in vivo caffeine phenotyping strategies 13 ; and high serum uric acid concentrations were associated with metabolic syndrome and CVRs in similar pediatric populations. [14][15][16] We observed that adiponectin was inversely associated with XO activity. This finding is similar to previous studies whereby plasma uric acid concentration (a surrogate for XO activity) was inversely proportional to adiponectin concentrations.…”