Serum Calprotectin Level in Children: Marker of Obesity and its Metabolic Complications

Calcaterra, Valeria; Amici, Mara De; Leonard, Maureen M.; Silvestri, Annalisa De; Pelizzo, Gloria; Buttari, Nicoletta; Michev, Alexandre; Leggio, M; Larizza, Daniela; Cena, Hellas

doi:10.1159/000492579

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, polyunsaturated fatty acids exert different tissue-dependent effects on CP levels [21]. Unlike a previous report [6], we did not find sex to be a significant modulator of CP levels, although a trend was potentially present. We should, however, point out that the effect of gender on CP levels is complicated by the variable dynamic changes associated with transition from pre-pubertal to pubertal states.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of the six included studies are summarized in Table 1. Of the studies included in this meta-analysis, healthy subjects were compared to children with obstructive sleep apnea in two studies [9,10] and to children with either sepsis [11], suspected appendicitis [13], second-hand smoke [12], or obese children in one study each [6]. One of the authors [9,10] provided the data corresponding to two studies but also including unpublished results without further specification.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adults, CP blood levels are higher in obese subjects and decrease proportionately to weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery [5]. Similarly, CP blood levels are higher in obese children when compared to non-obese children [6], but the correlation between body-mass index (BMI) and CP blood levels has not specifically been addressed. The aim of this individual patient data meta-analysis was to determine correlation between blood level of CP and BMI z-score in otherwise healthy children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Mass Index and Calprotectin Blood Level Correlation in Healthy Children: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis

Grand

Rochette

Dutheil

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: Calprotectin (CP) is a protein complex involved in many inflammatory diseases. Obesity is characterized by low-grade inflammation and elevated circulating levels of calprotectin. However, associations between body mass index (BMI) and calprotectin levels have not been explored in otherwise healthy children. Methods: In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched PubMed and Cochrane Library database up to July 2019. Healthy children’s blood calprotectin values were extracted, and potential correlations were explored. Results: A total of six studies that included data on 593 healthy children were identified. Median calprotectin value was 900.0 (482.0; 1700) ng·mL−1. Multivariable analysis showed no significant associations with age, sample type (serum vs. plasma), or sex. In contrast, a significant effect of BMI z-score (p < 0.001) emerged. Indeed, a positive correlation between BMI z-score and CP, was detected in girls (R: 0.48; p < 0.001) and boys (R: 0.39; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Calprotectin blood levels correlate with the degree of adiposity in healthy children, but are not affected by age, sex, or sample type (serum or plasma).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Body Mass Index and Calprotectin Blood Level Correlation in Healthy Children: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis

Grand

Rochette

Dutheil

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Increased zonulin levels were also found in pregnant women with diabetes (GDM, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus) [74]. Calprotectin is also considered a marker for obesity and metabolic disorders in both adults [75] and children [76]. The relationships between maternal weight gain during pregnancy and intestinal permeability markers in children have not previously been studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Faecal Zonulin and Calprotectin Concentrations in Healthy Children During the First Two Years of Life. An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

Łoniewska

Adamek

Węgrzyn

et al. 2020

JCM

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Factors affecting the intestinal-barrier permeability of newborns, such as body mass index (BMI), nutrition and antibiotics, are assumed to affect intestinal-barrier permeability in the first two years of life. This study assessed 100 healthy, full-term newborns to 24 months old. Faecal zonulin/calprotectin concentrations were measured at 1, 6, 12, 24 months as gut-permeability markers. Zonulin concentrations increased between 1 and 12 months (medians: 114.41, 223.7 ng/mL; respectively), whereas calprotectin concentrations decreased between one and six months (medians: 149. 29, 109.28 µg/mL); both then stabilized (24 months: 256.9 ng/mL zonulin; 59.5 µg/mL calprotectin). In individual children, high levels at one month gave high levels at older ages (correlations: calprotectin: between 1 and 6 or 12 months: correlation coefficient (R) = 0.33, statistical significance (p) = 0.0095; R = 0.28, p = 0.032; zonulin: between 1 and 24 months: R = 0.32; p = 0.022, respectively). Parameters which gave marker increases: antibiotics during pregnancy (calprotectin; six months: by 80%, p = 0.038; 12 months: by 48%, p = 0.028); vaginal birth (calprotectin: 6 months: by 140%, p = 0.005); and > 5.7 pregnancy-BMI increase (zonulin: 12 months: by 74%, p = 0.049). Conclusions: “Closure of the intestines” is spread over time and begins between the sixth and twelfth month of life. Antibiotic therapy, BMI increase > 5.7 during pregnancy and vaginal birth are associated with increased intestinal permeability during the first two years of life. Stool zonulin and calprotectin concentrations were much higher compared with previous measurements at older ages; clinical interpretation and validation are needed (no health associations found).

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“…The physical examination of the participants included evaluation of height, weight, waist circumference, BMI, pubertal stage according to , and blood pressure (BP) measurement. Height, weight and waist circumference measurement, were performed as previously reported (26). Waist to height ratio (WHtR) was calculated according to Maffeis (27).…”

Section: Physical Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triglyceride Glucose Index as a Surrogate Measure of Insulin Sensitivity in a Caucasian Pediatric Population

Calcaterra¹,

Montalbano²,

Silvestri³

et al. 2024

Jcrpe

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The triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a simple surrogate of insulin resistance (IR) with high sensitivity as an IR index besides the well known homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). Limited data are reported in children. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of TyG index in a pediatric Caucasian population, as a surrogate measure of IR and compared the results with HOMA-IR. Methods: We enrolled 541 children (11.7±2.71 yrs). According to body mass index (BMI) chart, the subjects were divided into three groups: normal weight BMI<75th percentile, overweight BMI 75th-95th percentile, and obese>95 th percentile. TyG index was calculated as (ln[fasting triglycerides(mg/dl)×fasting plasma glucose(mg/dl)/2]) and considered pathological when exceeding 7.88. HOMA-IR was calculated as (insulin×glucose)/22.5 and defined pathological whenever exceeding 97.5th percentile for age and sex. Results: In children with overweight/obesity TyG index was higher compared to normal weight subjects (p<0.001). TyG index was correlated with BMI (p<0.001); WHtR (p<0.001), total and HDL cholesterol (p<0.001); ALT (p<0.001), blood pressure (p<0.001). A correlation between TyG index and HOMAIR (p<0.001) as well as high TyG index and pathological HOMA-IR (p<0.001) were noted. The optimal cutoff for IR was considered 7.98 (sensitivity 60%; specificity 78%; AUC 0.69). Conclusions: TyG index is a useful and cost-effective index of IR among children and adolescents. The cutoff 7.98 may be used for IR risk screening in childhood obesity, but we recommend caution when used in other populations.

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Serum Calprotectin Level in Children: Marker of Obesity and its Metabolic Complications

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Body Mass Index and Calprotectin Blood Level Correlation in Healthy Children: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis

Body Mass Index and Calprotectin Blood Level Correlation in Healthy Children: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis

Analysis of Faecal Zonulin and Calprotectin Concentrations in Healthy Children During the First Two Years of Life. An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

Triglyceride Glucose Index as a Surrogate Measure of Insulin Sensitivity in a Caucasian Pediatric Population

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