Serous Detachment of the Retina

Spaide, Richard F.; Goldbaum, Mauro; Wong, Damon Wing Kee; Tang, Kwok Cho; Iida, Tomohiro

doi:10.1097/00006982-200312000-00013

Cited by 122 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Its deep, low, and prolonged hyperthermia induces hyper-expression of heat-shock proteins, apoptosis of endothelial cells, and vascular thrombosis, mainly in the choroid. 24,25 As choriocapillaris hyperpermeability and leakage is the uniformly observed pathology in CSC, 3 choriocapillaris closure by TTT may result in a blood flow stasis and decreased leakage, similar to the mechanism attributed to PDT in CSC. 3,5,14 Others concur that there is similarity of pathophysiological response between TTT and PDT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…24,25 As choriocapillaris hyperpermeability and leakage is the uniformly observed pathology in CSC, 3 choriocapillaris closure by TTT may result in a blood flow stasis and decreased leakage, similar to the mechanism attributed to PDT in CSC. 3,5,14 Others concur that there is similarity of pathophysiological response between TTT and PDT. 26 At the same time, human/animal studies report minimal/reversible damage to the overlying neural retina with low-medium dose TTT, in the absence of clinically visible retinal blanching.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…2 This subtype is associated with older age, chronic (46 months) detachment of the posterior pole, poorly defined RPE leakage or 'ooze,' multiple pigment epithelial detachments (PED), and poor visual prognosis owing to cystoid macular oedema, foveolar atrophy, subretinal fibrosis, and less commonly, choroidal neovascularization (CNV). [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In spite of the innumerable studies on CSC, there is continued controversy in the literature on the need, timing, and choice of treatment. The most studied treatment, conventional laser photocoagulation, is controversial in the classic CSC and unsuccessful in the chronic type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy

Shukla

Kolluru

Vignesh

et al. 2006

Eye

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Aim To evaluate transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) for the treatment of subfoveal focal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods The patients presenting with long-standing CSC, but without the features of chronicity, were offered the options of TTT, photodynamic therapy (for subfoveal leaks), photocoagulation (for extrafoveal leaks), or observation. The patients who opted for TTT or observation were enrolled in this study. TTT was performed using a spot diameter of 0.5 mm for 1 min. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), status of macular detachment, and fluorescein angiographic status were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months. Results This study included 39 patients (40 eyes) with CSC between 4 and 12 months, of whom 25 patients (25 eyes) opted for TTT for subfoveal leaks. Fourteen patients (15 eyes) were followed up without treatment. The groups were comparable in age, sex, and baseline BCVA. Minimum follow-up was 6 months. Within 3 months, TTT resulted in the resolution of the serous detachment in 24 (96%) eyes with a single session; one eye required a repeat treatment. Eight control eyes demonstrated persisting CSC at the last follow-up. Visual acuity improved in 23 (92%) treated and five (33%) control eyes; the difference in outcome was statistically significant (Po0.001). One case developed choroidal neovascularization, which resolved with visual recovery to 20/20 after repeat-TTT. Conclusion TTT resulted in the resolution of CSC with subfoveal angiographic leaks with significant improvement in visual outcome, in comparison to the natural history of persistent CSC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy

Shukla

Kolluru

Vignesh

et al. 2006

Eye

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“…The etiology and pathophysiology of CSCR is varied but ultimately leads to widespread hyperdynamic and hyperpermeable choroidal circulation with localized areas of choroidal nonperfusion. 1,2 CSCR is usually self-limiting with good recovery of visual function. However, 33-50% of cases can have recurrences with longstanding areas of neurosensory detachment leading to permanent visual impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: safety profile and treatment outcome

Yadav

Jayadev

Mohan

et al. 2015

Eye

107

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“…[2][3][4] The introduction of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) supported the suggestion that choroidal vascular abnormality might be responsible for this condition. 5,6 Hyperpermeability of the choroid shown on ICGA, a characteristic feature of CSC, may induce a functional loss of retinal pigment epithelial cells and abnormal egress of fluid under the retina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal thickness in both eyes of patients with unilaterally active central serous chorioretinopathy

Kang

Bai

2011

Eye

122

101

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Objective To assess the change in the choroidal thickness of the unaffected eyes in patients with unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods Thirty eyes with unilateral idiopathic CSC and 30 age-matched normal eyes were included in this study. Choroidal thickness was evaluated from images obtained by enhanced depth image optical coherence tomography. The choroidal thicknesses of the affected eyes, unaffected eyes, and normal eyes were analyzed. Choroidal vascular dilation and hyperpermeability on indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were analyzed and correlated with the changes in choroidal thickness. Results The mean choroidal thicknesses of the affected eyes, unaffected fellow eyes, and normal individuals were 445.58 ± 100.25, 378.35±117.44, and 266.80±55.45 lm, respectively. Compared with normal eyes, subfoveal choroidal thickness was increased significantly in the eyes with active CSC and in the unaffected fellow eyes (Po0.001 in both groups). The choroidal thickness was significantly greater in the eyes with active CSC than in the unaffected fellow eyes (P ¼ 0.003). ICGA revealed choroidal vascular hyperpermeability in 28 (93.3%) eyes with CSC and in 23 (73.3%) unaffected fellow eyes. Choroidal vascular dilation was detected in 21 (70.0%) eyes with CSC and in 18 (60.0%) unaffected fellow eyes. Conclusion Increased choroidal thickness in patients with unilateral CSC was noted not only in the affected eyes, but also in the unaffected fellow eyes. The results of this study suggest that CSC might be an essentially bilateral disorder.

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Serous Detachment of the Retina

Cited by 122 publications

References 112 publications

Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy

Transpupillary thermotherapy for subfoveal leaks in central serous chorioretinopathy

Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: safety profile and treatment outcome

Choroidal thickness in both eyes of patients with unilaterally active central serous chorioretinopathy

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