Seroprevalence of Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in Iran

Jalilvand, Somayeh; Shoja, Zabihollah; Mokhtari‐Azad, Talat; Nategh, R; Gharehbaghian, Ahmad

doi:10.1186/1750-9378-6-5

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Higher detection rates of HHV‐8 DNA and plasma anti‐HHV‐8‐IgG were found in the hemodialysis patients compared to a sample of apparently healthy people (blood donors and pregnant women, which for purposes of analysis were combined as a single group). This result supports previous data showing the comparatively high prevalence of plasma anti‐HHV‐8 in patients with chronic renal failure when compared to controls from the same country [Qunibi et al, 1998; Regamey et al, 1998; Hsu et al, 2002; Bergallo et al, 2007; Caterino‐de‐Araujo et al, 2007; Lonard et al, 2007; Jalilvand et al, 2011].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Al-Otaibi

Moles

Porter

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of transplantation‐associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is high, and there is disparity in the prevalence rates of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8) infection between patients with renal disease and the general population. It was hypothesized that oral HHV‐8 transmission among patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment contributes to the high prevalence of infection in renal disease patients. The detection rates of anti‐HHV8‐IgG in plasma and HHV‐8‐DNA in CD45(+)‐peripheral blood cells of 72 hemodialysis patients were compared first with those of 178 blood donors and 60 pregnant women. Between the hemodialysis patients and the apparently healthy people sampled, the detection rate of anti‐HHV‐8‐IgG was 16.7% versus 0.4% (P < 0.001) and that of HHV‐8‐DNA was 4.2% versus 0.4%, (P < 0.05). HHV‐8 DNA was determined in oral samples and the HHV‐8 viral load measured in saliva of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The amount of virus shed into saliva ranged between 8,600 and 119,562,500 (mean: 24,009,360) genome‐equivalents/ml among the five patients in whom oral HHV‐8 DNA was detected. Finally, HHV‐8‐subgenomic sequencing was conducted which showed that orally shed HHV‐8 in four patients belonged to genotype C2, and in one patient to genotypes A1 and C2. HHV‐8 shed in the mouth of hemodialysis patients may be extensive and diverse. Oral fluid in addition to blood is thus a likely vehicle for transmission of HHV‐8, possibly contributing to the high risk of HHV‐8 infection in patients undergoing hemodialysis and to KS following immunosuppression after renal transplantation. J. Med. Virol. 84:792–797, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Al-Otaibi

Moles

Porter

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In Middle Eastern countries, similar seroprevalence rates were reported in Saudi Arabia (2 % in healthy controls, 18 % in renal transplant recipients) [ 4 ] and in Iran (2 % in blood donors, 17 % in hemodialysis patients, 25 % in renal transplant patients) [ 205 ]. In Israel, KSHV seroprevalence among the different Jewish groups was found to correlate with the incidence of KS.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Kshv Infectionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus: Epidemiology, Biological Characteristics and Pathogenesis

Sarid

Calabrò

2014

Viral Infections of Humans

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KSHV is a lymphotropic gamma-2 herpesvirus (rhadinovirus) and is the only member of this group that infects humans. KSHV shares close homology with several primate and nonprimate mammalian viruses, having the closest homology with retroperitoneal fi bromatosis herpesviruses (RFHV) and rhesus rhadinovirus (RRV) [ 110 , 347 , 363 ]. Among human herpesviruses, KSHV is most closely related to the EpsteinBarr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous lymphotropic virus which is associated causally with several human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma and certain types of lymphomas.The overall size of the KSHV virion is 120-150 nm. Four structural proteins encoded by the orf 25 , orf26 , orf62 , and orf65 encompass the icosahedral capsid shell of KSHV which has a diameter of ~130 nm. Three of these proteins share signifi cant homology with capsid proteins in alpha and beta-herpesvirus subfamilies, whereas ORF65 differs from its structural counterparts in the other subfamilies [ 397 ]. Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and Cryo-EM tomography studies suggest that KSHV capsomers are hexamers and pentamers of the major capsid protein encoded by orf25 , with the small capsid protein, encoded by orf65 , binding around the tips of both hexons and pentons [ 108 ]. An amorphous, but highly organized, proteinaceous tegument, wrapped with a lipid bilayer envelope containing surface viral glycoproteins, surrounds the capsid. Several cellular

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“…In this study, we evaluated the sero-prevalence, prevalence, and risk factors of HBV, HCV, HTLV-I, and KSHV infections among prisoners in Mashhad, Iran. This study showed higher overall prevalence of HBV, HCV, HTLV-I, and KSHV among prisoners compared to the general population of Iran (9, 36-38). It is possibly because of their behavioral patterns and frequent use of risky behaviors (such as drug abuse, alcohol consumption, and sexual practices).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Sero-Prevalence of Bloodborne Tumor Viruses (HCV, HBV, HTLV-I and KSHV Infections) and Related Risk Factors among Prisoners in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, in 2008

et al. 2016

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BackgroundPrisoners are at high risk of blood borne and sexually transmitted infections due to their high involvement in risky behaviors. In this descriptive/cross-sectional study, the prevalence, sero-prevalence, and risk factors for bloodborne tumor viruses including HTLV-I, HBV, HCV, and KSHV were evaluated among inmates of two central prisons in the northeast of Iran.MethodsBlood samples of 1114 inmates were analyzed for the presence of anti HTLV-I, KSHV, and HCV antibodies and HBsAg by ELISA. PCR tests were performed to confirm the presence of these viruses in plasma and identify the current infections.ResultsThe sero-prevalence of HCV, HBV, HTLV-I, and KSHV was 24.5%, 4.2%, 3.4%, and 3.2% and the prevalence of HCV, HBV, HTLV-I, and KSHV was 19.1%, 2.1%, 2%, and 3%, respectively. HCV infection was significantly associated with history of imprisonment, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, intravenous drug use, length of imprisonment, and type of crime committed. Thirty one (2.8%) prisoners had HCV-KSHV co-infection, 16 (1.5%) had HCV-HTLV-I co-infection, and 14 (1.3%) had HBV-HCV co-infection. Triple co-infection was observed in seven cases and one case had four infections concomitantly.ConclusionsThis epidemiological study indicated different rates and transmission risks for these viruses. HCV was the most contagious viral infection and HTLV-I was the weakest in the prisoners. Apart from KSHV infection which its prevalence was as twice as in the general population, the prevalence of HBV and HTLV-I in prisoners was nearly in ranges of the general population.

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Seroprevalence of Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in Iran

Cited by 42 publications

References 56 publications

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Human herpesvirus 8 shedding in the mouth and blood of hemodialysis patients

Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus: Epidemiology, Biological Characteristics and Pathogenesis

Sero-Prevalence of Bloodborne Tumor Viruses (HCV, HBV, HTLV-I and KSHV Infections) and Related Risk Factors among Prisoners in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, in 2008

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