Seroprevalence of bovine viral diarrhea infection in Yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China

Gao, Jian‐Feng; Liu, Mengyuan; Meng, Xianrong; Han, Zhengxue; Ding, Zhuang; Hou, Bo; Zhang, Kerong; Sizhu, Suolang; Li, Jiakui

doi:10.1007/s11250-012-0290-2

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These results are within previously reported ranges, but the seroprevalence of beef cattle was greatly increased in our study, which was probably due to the frequent movement of calves because of the rapid expansion of the beef industry. In addition, the seroprevelance among yaks in Qinghai province (51.36%) and Tibet (30.92%) in this study were lower than previously reported (72.14% and 53.65%, respectively) [ 33 ]. We propose the following reasons for these differences: (i) the samples came from different regions; and (ii) in some regions, yaks vaccinated with live CSFV vaccine might have improved the false positive rate in the cited previous reports or played a role in the control of BVDV spread leading to the later decrease in the seropositive rates in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…For large-scale farms, the average seroprevalence rate reached 92.5% among dairy cows and 29.8% among beef cattle in Fujian province in southern China [ 32 ]. In western China, the seroprevalence of yaks was reportedly 53.65% in Tibet and 72.14% in Qinghai province [ 33 ]. The positive ratio of neutralization Ab in water buffalo averaged 17.25% in some areas [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence Study and Genetic Typing of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in Four Bovine Species in China

Deng

Fei

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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To determine the nationwide status of persistent BVDV infection in different bovine species in China and compare different test methods, a total of 1379 serum samples from clinical healthy dairy cattle, beef cattle, yaks (Bos grunniens), and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) were collected in eight provinces of China from 2010 to 2013. The samples were analyzed using commercial antibody (Ab) and antigen (Ag) detection kits, and RT-PCR based on the 5’-UTR and Npro gene sequencing. Results showed that the overall positive rates for BVDV Ab, Ag and RT-PCR detection were 58.09% (801/1379), 1.39% (14/1010), and 22.64% (146/645), respectively, while the individual positive rates varied among regions, species, and farms. The average Ab-positive rates for dairy cattle, beef cattle, yaks, and water buffalo were 89.49% (298/333), 63.27% (248/392), 45.38% (236/520), and 14.18% (19/134), respectively, while the Ag-positive rates were 0.00% (0/116), 0.77% (3/392), 0.82% (3/368), and 5.97% (8/134), respectively, and the nucleic acid-positive rates detected by RT-PCR were 32.06% (42/131), 13.00% (26/200), 28.89% (52/180), and 19.40% (26/134), respectively. In addition, the RT-PCR products were sequenced and 124 5’-UTR sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of the 5’-UTR sequences indicated that all of the 124 BVDV-positive samples were BVDV-1 and subtyped into either BVDV-1b (33.06%), BVDV-1m (49.19%), or a new cluster, designated as BVDV-1u (17.74%). Phylogenetic analysis based on Npro sequences confirmed this novel subtype. In conclusion, this study revealed the prevalence of BVDV-1 in bovine species in China and the dominant subtypes. The high proportion of bovines with detectable viral nucleic acids in the sera, even in the presence of high Ab levels, revealed a serious threat to bovine health.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence Study and Genetic Typing of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in Four Bovine Species in China

Deng

Fei

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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“…Unfortunately, bovine tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease of animals and humans and is a major infectious disease among cattle, other domesticated animals, and certain wildlife populations in a large number of countries (Gumi et al, 2012;Schiller et al, 2010). In Tibet, this disease remains a serious public health problem and causes significant economic losses in the production of yaks (Gao et al, 2012). Moreover, yaks must survive inadequate feeding during the long cold season (October to May), which results in malnutrition and low production (Miller, 1996), because of the herbage deficiency that occurs with the pure grazing of the traditional farming system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, information on the effects of dietary CP supplements on early-weaned yaks is scarce. Moreover, tuberculosis is a serious public health problem and causes significant economic losses in yak production in Tibet (Gao et al, 2012). Vaccination is a low-cost and effective strategy for the prevention and therapeutic reduction of infectious diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Levels of Protein Supplements in the Diet of Early-Weaned Yaks on Growth Performance, Intestinal Development, and Immune Response to Tuberculosis

Zhang

Bai

Wang

et al. 2015

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of different levels of crude protein (CP) supplements to the diet of early-weaned yaks on their growth performance, intestinal development, and immune response. Forty 3-month-old weaned yaks were selected and assigned to four dietary groups (Control, 17, 19 and 21% CP). Dietary CP supplements had a significant effect on average daily gain (ADG), crypt depth (CD) (duodenum, jejunum and ileum), villous height (VH) (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and CD/VH (jejunum and ileum). Average daily gain, CD (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and VH (ileum) showed quadratic increases as the dietary CP increased, whereas CD/VH (jejunum and ileum) ratios showed quadratic decreases. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glucose (GLU), immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ concentrations increased significantly, whereas albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased significantly with dietary CP supplements. Dietary CP supplements significantly increased the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and the nuclear factor of activated T cell transcription factor (NF-AT) for gene expression. As the dietary CP supplements increased, IL-6, IFN-γ and NF-AT gene expression showed quadratic increases. These results showed that the appropriate dietary CP supplementation improved the growth performance and intestinal development of earlyweaned yaks and thus that the CP supplements were beneficial and enhanced the humoral immunity response of yaks.

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“…Since the first serological detection of BVDV infection in yaks in Qinghai, China [25], numerous investigations have documented a seroprevalence of BVDV antibodies ranging from 0.56% to 72.14% [26-29]. While a molecular epidemiological survey of BVDV in yaks has been conducted in the Himalayan region [30], it is unclear if a similar situation of BVDV infections in the Chinese yaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular investigation of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in yaks (Bos gruniens) from Qinghai, China

Gong

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2014

Virol J

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BackgroundBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pestivirus which infects both domestic animals and wildlife species worldwide. In China, cattle are often infected with BVDV of different genotypes, but there is very limited knowledge regarding BVDV infection in Chinese yaks and the genetic diversity of the virus. The objectives of this study were to detect viral infection in yaks in Qinghai, China and to determine the genotypes of BVDV based on analysis of the 5′untranslated region (5′UTR) and N-terminal protease (Npro) region.ResultsBetween 2010 and 2012, 407 blood samples were collected from yaks with or without clinical signs in six counties of Qinghai Province. Ninety-eight samples (24%) were found to be positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting a conserved region of BVDV-1 and BVDV-2. The nucleotide sequences of the 5′UTR and complete Npro region were determined for 16 positive samples. Phylogenetic reconstructions demonstrated that all 16 samples belong to subgenotypes BVDV-1b, BVDV-1d and BVDV-1q.ConclusionsThis study provides, for the first time, molecular evidence for BVDV infection in yaks in Qinghai involving multiple subgenotypes of BVDV-1. This may have occurred under three possible scenarios: interspecies transmission, natural infection, and the use of vaccines contaminated with BVDV. The results have important implications for yak production and management in China, and specifically indicate that unscientific vaccination practices should be stopped and bio-security increased.

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Seroprevalence of bovine viral diarrhea infection in Yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau of China

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence Study and Genetic Typing of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in Four Bovine Species in China

Prevalence Study and Genetic Typing of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in Four Bovine Species in China

Effects of Different Levels of Protein Supplements in the Diet of Early-Weaned Yaks on Growth Performance, Intestinal Development, and Immune Response to Tuberculosis

Molecular investigation of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in yaks (Bos gruniens) from Qinghai, China

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