Serological markers of hepatitis A, B and C viruses in rural communities of the semiarid Brazilian Northeast

Almeida, D.; Tavares-Neto, José; Vitvitski, L.; Almeida, Alfredo M. Ozorio de; Mello, Caroline; Santana, Diana; Tatsch, Fernando; Paraná, Raymundo

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702006000500003

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Among the classical risk factors for HAV infection in developing countries investigated in this study, age, non-white skin color, crowding, educational level of the mother, and habit of swimming in rivers emerged as significant contributors to HAV seropositivity in Campos dos Goytacazes. Consistent with previous studies 10,27,29,31,32 , age was the most robust variable associated with the prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies. Logistic regression pointed to an increasing risk gradient as the age of the individuals increased.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

et al. 2016

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This cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2011 and July 2012 in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Dried blood spot samples were collected on filter paper from 919 individuals between the ages of 1 and 19 and were tested for antibodies against the hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV). The total prevalence was 20.7%, while 94.7% of children under the age of 5 were found to be susceptible to HAV infection. The prevalence of anti-HAV increased with age, reaching 33.3% among individuals aged between 15 and 19, thereby indicating that this municipality has a low level of endemicity for hepatitis A. Age, non-white skin color, accustomed to swimming in the river and more than five people living at home were the factors that were associated with an increase in the chance of a positive anti-HAV result. Mother's education level (secondary or tertiary) was considered a protective factor for HAV infection. The data obtained showed that a large proportion of the children from Campos dos Goytacazes were at risk of HAV infection, which should be minimized with the introduction of the vaccination program against hepatitis A that was launched in the municipality in 2011.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

et al. 2016

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“…The high prevalence was concentrated, as expected, in the northern region. However, two studies identified high endemicity outside the Amazon basin, in the semi-arid region of the State of Bahia and in African descendants from the Cerrado of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul (34) (36) . Five studies reported prevalence below 1%, and the other six assessed antiHBc positivity rather than HBsAg.…”

Section: Results From the Turn Of The Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there may be locations in the interior that require a better approach, as observed by Almeida et al (34) in the semi-arid region of Bahia during the 1990s (34) . At-risk groups were not addressed in this review because they are a signifi cant minority of the Brazilian population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Distribution of hepatitis B infection in Brazil: the epidemiological situation at the beginning of the 21 st century

Souto

2015

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Brazil was formerly considered a country with intermediate hepatitis B endemicity, with large heterogeneity between Brazilian regions and areas of high prevalence, especially in the Amazon basin. Systematic vaccination of children was initiated in 1998. Between 2004 and, a large population-based study reported decreased prevalence in all regions of Brazil. This review analyzed the current hepatitis B epidemiological situation in Brazil through a systematic search of the scientifi c literature in MEDLINE, LILACS, and CAPES thesis database, as well as disease notifi cations to the Information System for Notifi able Diseases. The search strategy identifi ed 87 articles and 13 theses, resulting in 100 total publications. The most recent results indicate reduced hepatitis B prevalence nationwide, classifying Brazil as having low endemicity. Most studies showed HBV carrier prevalence less than 1%. However, there are still isolated regions with increased prevalence, particularly the Amazon, as well as specifi c groups, such as homeless people in large cities and isolated Afro-descendant communities in the center of the country. This review alsao detected successful vaccination coverage reported in a few studies around the country. The prevalence of anti-HBs alone ranged from 50% to 90%. However, isolated and distant localities still have low coverage rates. This review reinforces the downward trend of hepatitis B prevalence in Brazil and the need to intensify vaccination strategies for young people and adults in specifi c regions with persisting higher HBV infection prevalence.

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“…Comparando os dois grupos, verificou-se que no grupo 2 a prevalência de anti-VHA foi significativamente maior nos estratos de 1-4 anos (p = 0,02) e de 5-9 anos (p = 0,03) e que apresentou redução muito significativa entre [15][16][17][18][19] …”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…No Brasil, estudos sorológicos têm demonstrado que a endemicidade da hepatite A está mudando na maioria das regiões, com taxas significativamente menores de anticorpo anti-VHA (anti-VHA) entre as crianças e os adolescentes [12][13][14][15] , especialmente de classe socioeconômica mais favorecida 12,14,15 . A região Norte 12 e algumas comunidades isoladas de outras regiões [16][17][18] , entretanto, continuam a apresentar prevalên-cia elevada, significativamente maior do que a taxa média de 65% estimada para o Brasil em estudo realizado entre 1996 e 1997 12 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Shifting susceptibility to hepatitis A among children and adolescents over the past decade

Krebs¹,

Ranieri²,

Kieling³

et al. 2011

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Serological markers of hepatitis A, B and C viruses in rural communities of the semiarid Brazilian Northeast

Abstract: In the village of Cavunge, located in a dry tropical, semiarid rural region of the state of Bahia, Brazil, a sentinel study on viral hepatitis is underway. We report on the first part of the study. The

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination

Distribution of hepatitis B infection in Brazil: the epidemiological situation at the beginning of the 21 st century

Shifting susceptibility to hepatitis A among children and adolescents over the past decade

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