Seroepidemiological survey of Rhodoccocus equi infection in asymptomatic horses from Bursa, Izmir and Istanbul provinces, Turkey

Attili, Annarita; Kennerman, Engin; Takaı̈, Shinji; Or, Mehmet Erman; Marenzoni, Maria Luisa; Torun, Şerife; Pieramati, Camillo; Kayar, Abdullah; Golcu, E.; Parkan, C.; Yılmaz, Zeki; Gönül, Remzi; Valente, C.; Cuteri, Vincenzo

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2006.08.002

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…At present little information is available about the seroprevalence of R. equi in Turkey. Previously, 2 serological studies were carried out on Thoroughbred foals from the Marmara Region in Turkey 1,10 . The objective of this study was to determine seroprevalence of R. equi using horse and donkey sera from Sanliurfa and Diyarbakir Provinces, Southeast Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological survey of Rhodococcus equi infection in asymptomatic horses and donkeys from southeast Turkey

Tel¹,

Arserim²,

Keskin³

2011

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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n order to assess the level of Rhodococcus equi infection in southeast Turkey, 679 sera from healthy foals and adult horses and 78 sera from donkeys were tested by indirect ELISA using a R. equi reference strain (ATCC 33701) as antigen. Eighty (11.7 %) sera from horses and 9 (11.5 %) sera from donkeys with titres >0.85 were positive. The prevalence of seropositive horses in Sanliurfa Province was higher than in Diyarbakir Province; 56 (13.9 %) horses in Sanliurfa Province and 24 (8.7 %) horses in Diyarbakir Province were defined as seropositive. In Sanliurfa Province 14.5 % of female (n = 343) and 10.1 % of male (n = 59) horses tested were defined as seropositive, while in Diyarbakir Province more males (11.4 %, n = 114) were seropositive than females (6.7 %, n = 163). Horses 1 to 5 years of age were found to have the highest seropositivity rate in both provinces. A total of 78 sera from donkeys were investigated in Sanliurfa Province, of which 9 (11.5 %) were positive by ELISA. Among the 9 positive sera, 6 (12.8 %) were from donkeys 1-5 years old and 3 (13.6 %) were from donkeys >5years of age. Nopositive sera were found in donkeys less than 1 year old. Five(12.5 %) sera of females and 4(10.5 %) sera of males tested were positive. These results indicate the existence of R. equi in the horse populations in Sanliurfa and Diyarbakir Provinces. Similar infection rates were found for donkeys in Sanliurfa. This suggests the importance of serological surveys to diagnose R. equi infection in the region and to prevent the zoonotic risk

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiological survey of Rhodococcus equi infection in asymptomatic horses and donkeys from southeast Turkey

Tel¹,

Arserim²,

Keskin³

2011

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…On the other hand, the limited number of clinical cases does support the results. Other serological surveys of healthy horses demonstrated slightly higher prevalences (11.7% and 14.8% of horses in different parts of Turkey, 11% in Japan and 13.45% of foals in Italy), although only the results from north-west Turkey (14.8%) (Attili et al 2006 ) were statistically different from our findings ( P = 0.023) (Attili et al 2006 ; Cuteri et al 2003 ; Sanada et al 1992 ; Tel et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The equine breeding industry in Israel is small, large-scale breeding facilities are scarce and owners are reluctant to allow sampling of foals that are not regularly handled. Most of the previous studies included some (Attili et al 2006 ; Tel et al 2011 ) or only (Cuteri et al 2003 ) foals, although seroprevalence did not appear to be influenced by age (Attili et al 2006 ; Tel et al 2011 ). Serological tests used for the detection of R. equi- specific antibodies were designed to evaluate recent exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the level of antibodies in individual horses was not found to reflect the epidemiological status of the farm (Witkowski et al 2012 ), ELISA results in this study and similar surveys were treated as a dichotomous parameter, to indicate exposure (Attili et al 2006 ; Sanada et al 1992 ; Tel et al 2011 ). Little is known about the kinetics of antibody concentrations over time, but the fact that seroprevalence did not correlate with age (Attili et al 2006 ; Tel et al 2011 ) implies that adult horses may serve as sentinels for exposure in foals. Similar seroprevalences at both time points support the assumption that this bacterium is endemic in Israel, with probable endemic stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies in recent years attempted to evaluate and improve the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA screening, and to determine the cut-off values for early detection of clinical cases (Giguère et al 2003 ; Martens et al 2002 ; Sanz et al 2014; Witkowski et al 2012 ). Despite these limitations, serological surveys may be of value in identifying endemic farms and assessing the potential for clinical infection in susceptible animals (Attili et al 2006 ; Sanada, Noda & Nagahata 1992 ; Tel, Arserim & Keskin 2011 ). A serological survey of subclinically infected horses in Japan demonstrated that R. equi seroprevalence in farms may differ between clinically endemic, sporadic and ‘clean’ farms (Sanada et al 1992 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of <i>Rhodococcus equi</i> in horses in Israel

Tirosh-Levy

Tel

Keskin

et al. 2017

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Rhodococcus equi is a common cause of pneumonia in foals and has extensive clinical, economic and possibly zoonotic consequences. This bacterium survives well in the environment and may be considered as normal flora of adult horses. Certain strains of this bacterium are extremely virulent in foals, and early identification and intervention is crucial for prognosis. Rhodococcus equi is endemic in many parts of the world and occasionally isolated in Israel. This study was designed to evaluate R. equi seroprevalence in adult horses in Israel to indirectly indicate the potential level of exposure of susceptible foals. Sera were collected from 144 horses during spring 2011 and from 293 horses during fall 2014, and the presence of antibodies against virulent R. equi was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Equine seroprevalence of R. equi was found to be 7.6% in 2011 and 5.1% in 2014. Only one farm had seropositive horses in 2011, whereas several farms had seropositive horses in 2014. No significant risk factors for seropositivity were found. Rhodococcus equi appears to be endemic in Israel. This is the first survey of R. equi in Israel that provides information on the epidemiology of this important bacterium.

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