Seroepidemiologic Screening for Zoonotic Viral Infections, Maputo, Mozambique

Gudo, Eduardo Samo; Lesko, Birgitta; Vene, Sirkka; Lagerqvist, Nina; Candido, Sandra Isabel; Deus, Nilsa Razão de; Pinto, Félix Dinis; Pinto, Glauce Aparecida; Monteiro, Vanessa; Evaristo, Virginia Lara; Bhatt, Nilesh; Manhiça, Ivan; Falk, Kerstin I.

doi:10.3201/eid2205.151002

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Arboviruses are spreading at an alarming pace across the world and a growing fraction of them have been reported in recent years in Mozambique [ 8 , 16 , 18 , 43 , 44 ]. Data on the distribution and ecology of anthropophilic Aedes mosquito species in the country remains limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and breeding sites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in 32 urban/peri-urban districts of Mozambique: implication for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAedes-borne arboviruses have emerged as an important public health problem worldwide and, in Mozambique, the number of cases and its geographical spread have been growing. However, information on the occurrence, distribution and ecology of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes remain poorly known in the country.MethodsBetween March and April 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 32 districts in Mozambique to determine the distribution and breeding sites of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Larvae and pupae were collected from a total of 2,807 water-holding containers using pipette, dipper, funnel and sweeping procedures, depending on the container type and location. Both outdoor and indoor water-holding containers were inspected. The immature forms were reared to adults and the identifications of the mosquito species was carried out with a stereomicroscope using a taxonomic key.ResultsAedes aegypti was found in every district sampled, while Ae. albopictus was only found in Moatize district, situated in Tete Province in the central part of the country. Six hundred and twenty-eight of 2,807 (22.4%) containers were positive for Ae. aegypti but only one (0.03%) was positive for Ae. albopictus. The Container Index (CI) of Aedes was highest in densely populated suburban areas of the central region (260/604; 43.0%), followed by suburban areas in northern areas (228/617; 36.9%) whilst the lowest proportion was found in urbanized southern areas (140/1586; 8.8%). The highest CI of Aedes was found in used tires (448/1268; 35.3%), cement tanks (20/62; 32.3%) and drums (21/95; 22.1%).ConclusionData from our study showed that Ae. aegypti is present nation-wide, since it occurred in every sampled district, whilst Ae. albopictus had a limited distribution. Therefore, the risk of transmission of dengue and chikungunya is likely to have been underestimated in Mozambique. This study highlights the need for the establishment of a national entomological surveillance program for Aedes spp. in Mozambique in order to gain a better understanding about vector bionomics and to support the development of informed effective vector control strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aedes aegypti were collected in every district sampled, which explains the transmission of DENV, CHIKV and others arbovirus in many parts of Mozambique [ 16 – 18 , 43 , 44 , 46 ]. Using mathematical modeling the heterogeneity of abundance and distribution of Ae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and breeding sites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in 32 urban/peri-urban districts of Mozambique: implication for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks

et al. 2018

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“…paludis Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown [ 265 , 266 ] Dengue DENV1–4 Africa: Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Comoros, Cote d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Reunion, Rwanda, Senegal, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zanzibar; Tropical/sub-tropical Asia-Pacific, north-east Australia; South and Central America Ae. aegypti Originally non-human primates, now humans Yes Humans From Asia-Pacific to Americas in 1960s and Africa in 1980s Infected humans and infected Aedes aegypti [ 11 , 13 , 69 , 75 ] Kedougou KEDV Central African Republic, Senegal Ae. dalzieli , Ae.…”

Section: Synoptic Overview Of the African Mosquito-borne Arbovirues Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…neoafricanus , An. gambiae , Eretmapodites inornatus , Eretmapodites quinquevittatus , Mansonia uniformis Several species of African non-human primates Yes Rare in humans From Asia to Yap Island (Federated States of Micronesia) in 2007, then to French Polynesia and other Pacific Islands 2013 and 2014, and finally to Brazil early 2015 Infected Aedes mosquitoes by ship or air; infected humans [ 1 , 21 – 23 , 52 , 75 , 139 , 140 , 144 ] Togaviridae Alphavirus Babanki BBKV Kenya Ae. africanus , Ae.…”

Section: Synoptic Overview Of the African Mosquito-borne Arbovirues Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito-borne arboviruses of African origin: review of key viruses and vectors

et al. 2018

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Key aspects of 36 mosquito-borne arboviruses indigenous to Africa are summarized, including lesser or poorly-known viruses which, like Zika, may have the potential to escape current sylvatic cycling to achieve greater geographical distribution and medical importance. Major vectors are indicated as well as reservoir hosts, where known. A series of current and future risk factors is addressed. It is apparent that Africa has been the source of most of the major mosquito-borne viruses of medical importance that currently constitute serious global public health threats, but that there are several other viruses with potential for international challenge. The conclusion reached is that increased human population growth in decades ahead coupled with increased international travel and trade is likely to sustain and increase the threat of further geographical spread of current and new arboviral disease.

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“…One serum had RVFV and three sera had WNV antibodies. This investigation revealed that the prevalence of vector-borne viruses is frequent among people living in the suburban areas of Maputo city in Mozambique, which suggested the need for active surveillance for these virus diseases in the region [63].…”

Section: Mozambiquementioning

confidence: 92%

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

et al. 2020

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Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are of great public health concern. The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 in China, which causes COVID-19 disease in humans, and its current spread to several countries, leading to the first pandemic in history to be caused by a coronavirus, highlights the significance of zoonotic viral diseases. Rift Valley fever, rabies, West Nile, chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, and influenza viruses among many other viruses have been reported from different African countries. The paucity of information, lack of knowledge, limited resources, and climate change, coupled with cultural traditions make the African continent a hotspot for vector-borne and zoonotic viral diseases, which may spread globally. Currently, there is no information available on the status of virus diseases in Africa. This systematic review highlights the available information about viral diseases, including zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, reported in Africa. The findings will help us understand the trend of emerging and re-emerging virus diseases within the African continent. The findings recommend active surveillance of viral diseases and strict implementation of One Health measures in Africa to improve human public health and reduce the possibility of potential pandemics due to zoonotic viruses.

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Seroepidemiologic Screening for Zoonotic Viral Infections, Maputo, Mozambique

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Distribution and breeding sites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in 32 urban/peri-urban districts of Mozambique: implication for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks

Distribution and breeding sites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in 32 urban/peri-urban districts of Mozambique: implication for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks

Mosquito-borne arboviruses of African origin: review of key viruses and vectors

Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept

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