Sero-prevalence of rubella among pregnant women in India, 2017

Muliyil, Divya Elizabeth; Singh, Pratibha; Jois, Srinivas Krishna; Otiv, Suhas; Suri, Vanita; Varma, Vishakha; Abraham, Asha Mary; C, Raut; Gupta, Mahendra; Singh, Mini P.; Viswanathan, Rajlakshmi; Naik, Sadanand; Nag, Vijaylakshmi; Benakappa, Asha; Bavdekar, Ashish; Sapkal, Gajanan; Singh, Kuldeep; Gupta, Nivedita; Verma, Sanjay; Santhanam, Sridhar; Mishra, Sudhir Kumar; Bhatnagar, Ambar; Prasad, G. R. V.; Kolekar, Jyoti; Raj, Naga; Sabarinathan, R.; Sachdeva, Ravinder Kaur; George, Suji; Chaudhary, Shyama; Verghese, Valsan Philip; Jagtap, Vishal; Bharadwaj, Manasa; Murhekar, Manoj

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.11.013

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Mothers of 39 (28%) of the 137 laboratory confirmed CRS patients also had a history of febrile illness with rash during pregnancy. According to the serosurvey conducted among pregnant women from these five sentinel surveillance sites, 84.5% of mothers aged between 17 and 30 years were found to be sero-positive for rubella [17]. The measles-rubella vaccine campaigns targeting children aged between 9 months to 14 years are expected to increase the population immunity against rubella in India, thereby reducing rubella transmission and infection among susceptible pregnant women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in India, 2016-18, based on data from sentinel surveillance

et al. 2020

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Background Government of India is committed to eliminate measles and control rubella/congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) by 2020. In 2016, CRS surveillance was established in five sentinel sites. We analyzed surveillance data to describe the epidemiology of CRS in India. Methodology/Principal findings We used case definitions adapted from the WHO-recommended standards for CRS surveillance. Suspected patients underwent complete clinical examination including cardiovascular system, ophthalmic examination and assessment for hearing impairment. Sera were tested for presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against rubella. Of the 645 suspected CRS patients enrolled during two years, 137 (21.2%) were classified as laboratory confirmed CRS and 8 (1.2%) as congenital rubella infection. The median age of laboratory confirmed CRS infants was 3 months. Common clinical features among laboratory confirmed CRS patients included structural heart defects in 108 (78.8%), one or more eye signs (cataract, glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy) in 82 (59.9%) and hearing impairment in 51. (38.6%) Thirty-three (24.1%) laboratory confirmed CRS patients died over a period of 2 years. Surveillance met the quality indicators in terms of adequacy of investigation, adequacy of sample collection for serological diagnosis as well as virological confirmation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in India, 2016-18, based on data from sentinel surveillance

et al. 2020

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“…The assay was found to have high sensitivity (99.6%) and specificity (100%) as compared to other commercial test [ 15 ]. The survey methodology, in terms of sample size, sampling procedure, data collection and laboratory assay, was similar to the serosurvey conducted in 2017 [ 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an adjunct to CRS surveillance, periodic serologic surveys were planned to monitor the rubella seroprevalence among the pregnant women over time. The serosurvey conducted in Phase-1 sites in 2017 indicated that 83.4% of the pregnant women had IgG antibodies against rubella [ 13 ]. This paper describes the rubella seroprevalence among pregnant women from six Phase-2 sentinel sites in 2019–20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in India based on data from cross-sectional serosurveys, 2017 and 2019–20

et al. 2021

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Background India has set a goal to eliminate measles and rubella/Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) by 2023. Towards this goal, India conducted nationwide supplementary immunization activity (SIA) with measles-rubella containing vaccine (MRCV) targeting children aged between 9 months to <15 years and established a hospital-based sentinel surveillance for CRS. Reliable data about incidence of CRS is necessary to monitor progress towards the elimination goal. Methods We conducted serosurveys in 2019–20 among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of 6 hospitals, which were also sentinel sites for CRS surveillance, to estimate the prevalence of IgG antibodies against rubella. We systematically sampled 1800 women attending antenatal clinics and tested their sera for IgG antibodies against rubella. We used rubella seroprevalence data from the current survey and the survey conducted in 2017 among antenatal women from another 6 CRS surveillance sites to construct a catalytic models to estimate the incidence and burden of CRS. Result The seroprevalence of rubella antibodies was 82.3% (95% CI: 80.4–84.0). Rubella seropositivity did not differ by age group and educational status. Based on the constant and age-dependent force of infection models, we estimated that the annual incidence of CRS in India was 225.58 per 100,000 live births (95% CI: 217.49–232.41) and 65.47 per 100,000 live births (95% CI: 41.60–104.16) respectively. This translated to an estimated 14,520 (95% CI: 9,225–23,100) and 50,028 (95% CI: 48,234–51,543) infants with CRS every year based on age-dependent and constant force of infection models respectively. Conclusions Our findings indicated that about one fifth of women in the reproductive age group in India were susceptible for rubella. The estimates of CRS incidence will serve as a baseline to monitor the impact of MRCV SIAs, as well progress towards the elimination goal of rubella/CRS.

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“…In this study, vaccination rates did not differ according to participants' numbers of previous deliveries, educational backgrounds, or household incomes. Although there have been no large-scale studies of the association between rubella vaccination and social background, several studies have investigated the association between seroprevalence of rubella antibodies and social background (8,9). Previous studies have reported an association between rubella seroprevalence and geographical region or country where the pregnant women were born or raised, reflecting the influence of rubella vaccination policy in each region (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Predicting Rubella Vaccination among Pregnant Women in Japan: an Interim Report from the Pregnant Women Health Initiative

et al. 2021

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Following the 2018 rubella outbreak in Japan, this study aimed to assess rubella prevention measures based on the vaccination and immunization status of pregnant women in Japan. Our cohort study involved 3 local core hospitals in Yokohama City, and a total of 666 pregnant women were recruited between June 2018 and September 2019 to answer an online questionnaire. In total, 67.5% pregnant women had received rubella vaccination. The rate of rubella vaccination among pregnant women in the present survey was lower than that among age-matched female participants in a nationwide survey conducted in 2018. Overall, the study results showed that women in their 20s had a higher vaccination rate than those in their 40s, women who were nonsmokers before pregnancy had a higher vaccination rate than those who were smokers, and women who were aware that rubella may affect fetuses had a higher vaccination rate than those who were unaware of this. This survey elucidated multiple predictive factors for rubella vaccination among pregnant women in Japan. Our results confirm the recommendation that women considering pregnancy should be vaccinated for rubella.

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Sero-prevalence of rubella among pregnant women in India, 2017

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Epidemiology of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in India, 2016-18, based on data from sentinel surveillance

Epidemiology of Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) in India, 2016-18, based on data from sentinel surveillance

Burden of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in India based on data from cross-sectional serosurveys, 2017 and 2019–20

Factors Predicting Rubella Vaccination among Pregnant Women in Japan: an Interim Report from the Pregnant Women Health Initiative

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