Sequence Analysis of Near Full-Length HIV Type 1 Subtype D Primary Strains Isolated in Cape Town, South Africa, from 1984 to 1986

Loxton, André G.; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Laten, Annette; Rensburg, Estrelita Janse van; Engelbrecht, Susan

doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.410

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The plasma antibodies of this sample also cross-reacted with peptides representing HIV-1 subtypes C, D, and E. The gag p24 sequence of this recombinant strain was found to be closely related to subtype D strains isolated previously in Cape Town, South Africa (data not shown) [Loxton et al, 2005]. Subtype D, along with subtype B, was responsible for the initial HIV-1 epidemic in South Africa [Sher, 1989;Engelbrecht et al, 1995].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Serotyping and genotyping of HIV-1 infection in residents of Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa

et al. 2006

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It is estimated that between 5.5 and 6.1 million people are infected with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in South Africa, with subtype C responsible for the majority of these infections. The Khayelitsha suburb of Cape Town has one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in South Africa. Overcrowding combined with unemployment and crime in parts of the area perpetuates high-risk sexual behavior, which increases exposure to infection by HIV. Against this background, the objective of this study was to characterize HIV-1 in residents confirmed to be seropositive. Serotyping was performed through a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cPEIA). Genotyping methods included RNA isolation followed by RT-PCR and sequencing of the gag p24, env gp41 immunodominant region (IDR), and env gp120 V3 genome regions of HIV-1. With the exception of a possible C/D recombinant strain, all HIV-1 strains were characterized as HIV-1 group M subtype C. One individual was shown to harbor multiple strains of HIV-1 subtype C. In Southern Africa, the focus has been to develop a subtype C candidate vaccine, as this is the major subtype found in this geographical area. Therefore, the spread of HIV-1 and its recombinant strains needs to be monitored closely.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Serotyping and genotyping of HIV-1 infection in residents of Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa

et al. 2006

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“…Over the past years subtype C HIV-1 has been extensively studied in South Africa due to its immense importance [Jacobs et al, 2006;Hunt et al, 2003;Papathanasopoulos et al, 2002;Rousseau et al, 2006;de Oliveira et al, 2003;Gordon et al, 2003;zur Megede et al, 2002]. To date only a few papers have been published on complete genomes of non-subtype C HIV-1 isolates in South Africa [Papathanasopoulos et al, 2001;Loxton et al, 2005]. A lot of research has been conducted on HIV-1 over the years within the country.…”

Section: Hiv-1 Diversity In South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is thus of the utmost importance that we continue monitoring the epidemiology of the HIV-1 epidemic. To date very few papers have been published on near full-length non-subtype C HIV type 1 viruses in South Africa [Papathanasopoulos et al, 2001;Loxton et al, 2005]. This study was aimed at characterizing non-subtype C HIV type 1 viruses from Cape Town, South Africa.…”

Section: Aim Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 11 full-length sequences of non-subtype C isolates have been described to date within South Africa. These include 5 subtype D isolates [Loxton et al, 2005;Jacobs et al, 2007], one subtype B [Rousseau et al, 2006], one subtype A1 [Rousseau et al, 2006], three AC recombinants [Papathanasopoulos et al, 2002;Rousseau et al, 2006] and one complex viral form containing subtypes A, C, D, G and K segments [Papathanasopoulos et al, 2002].…”

Section: Hiv-1 and Hiv Characterization In South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This subtype B isolate along with the subtype D viruses, which has been characterized in the past [Loxton et al, 2005;Jacobs et al, 2007], represent the only near full-length sequences of the first initial homosexual HIV epidemic within the country. This near full-length sequence will greatly improve our knowledge and understanding of the initial HIV epidemic within the country.…”

Section: R84 and Other Subtype B Viruses In South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Molecular characterization of non-subtype C and recombinant HIV-1 viruses from Cape Town, South Africa☆

Wilkinson

Engelbrecht

2009

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Emergence and diversity of different HIV‐1 subtypes in South Africa, 2000–2001

Jacobs

Loxton

Laten

et al. 2009

Journal of Medical Virology

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HIV-1 is a major health problem in South Africa with an average prevalence rate of 29.1% in pregnant women and between 4.9 and 6.1 million people infected. Using env gp120 V3 serotyping and genotyping techniques 410 patient samples were investigated. Most of the samples were obtained from different clinics in the greater Cape Town area of the Western Cape Province in South Africa. These included an academic hospital, state and private clinics, an informal settlement, sex worker cohorts, and the blood transfusion services. RNA was extracted from plasma samples followed by RT-PCR and sequencing of the env gp120 V3 region. Sequence fragments were assembled using Sequencher V4.7 and subsequently codon aligned. Distance calculation, tree construction methods, and bootstrap analysis were implemented using MEGA version 4.0. Viral load measurements indicated that HIV-1 RNA levels from 74 samples were below the assay detection limit. Three hundred thirty-six samples were used for env PCR and sequencing and 320 were assigned to subtypes. The majority of the sequences were subtyped as C (n = 285, 89.0%). Other subtypes detected were subtype A (n = 10, 3.1%); subtype B (n = 22, 6.8%); one each of subtypes F1, G, U, and a CH recombinant. Whether this diversity will have major implications for HIV-1 evolution and vaccine development in this region remains undetermined.

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Sequence Analysis of Near Full-Length HIV Type 1 Subtype D Primary Strains Isolated in Cape Town, South Africa, from 1984 to 1986

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Serotyping and genotyping of HIV-1 infection in residents of Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa

Serotyping and genotyping of HIV-1 infection in residents of Khayelitsha, Cape Town, South Africa

Molecular characterization of non-subtype C and recombinant HIV-1 viruses from Cape Town, South Africa☆

Emergence and diversity of different HIV‐1 subtypes in South Africa, 2000–2001

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