Separation of oligosaccharides from caprine milk whey, prior to prebiotic evaluation

Abstract

a b s t r a c tMilk oligosaccharides are believed to have beneficial biological properties. Caprine milk has a relatively high concentration of oligosaccharides in comparison with other ruminant milks and has the oligosaccharide profile closest to that of human milk. The first stage in recovering oligosaccharides from caprine milk whey, a by-product of cheese making, was accomplished by ultrafiltration to remove proteins and fat globules, leaving more than 97% of the initial carbohydrates, mainly lactose, in the permeate. The ultrafiltered permeate was further processed using a 1 kDa 'tight' ultrafiltration membrane, which retained less than 7% of the remaining lactose. The final retentate was fractionated by preparative scale molecular size exclusion chromatography to yield 28 fractions; oligosaccharide-rich fractions that were suitable for functionality and gut health promotion testing were detected between fractions 9/10 to 16/ 17. All fractions were evaluated for their oligosaccharide and carbohydrate profiles using three complementary analytical methods.

Milk oligosaccharides: A review

“…Numerous papers and patents deal with OSs in whey, but they mostly refer to specific galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) obtained from lactose by enzymic reaction (transgalactosylation) and do not refer to the natural milk OSs, produced in the lactating mammary gland of domestic species (Oliveira et al . ). More than 150 neutral and acidic OSs have been isolated and quantified from milk/colostrum of human and domestic farm animals and their chemical structures determined.…”

Composition and enrichment of caprine milk oligosaccharides from New Zealand Saanen goat cheese whey

“…Our results agree with previous CMO concentrations with the sum of the four most concentrated oligosaccharides (m/z 503, 632, 648 and 923) in mature goat milk from the Saanen breed in New Zealand ranges between 0.20 and 0.40 g L À1 . The variation on oligosaccharides concentrations reported here and by other authors (MartinezFerez et al, 2006a;Oliveira et al, 2012) may be due variations of animal breed, feed, lactation stage and/or method of quantification (Jenness, 1980;Park and Haenlein, 2008). The approach described here (solid-phase extraction with graphitised carbon and the LC/MS), however, could be used as a relatively rapid method to identify whey sources richest in oligosaccharides.…”

“…Thus the method described here utilises cheese goat whey as the raw material, together with combinations of purification strategies previously used to purify and/or structurally identify CMO and BMO (Barile et al, 2009;Mehra et al, 2014;Oliveira et al, 2012), to purify a potential New Zealand Saanen goat milk by-product.…”

“…The presence of sialyl-oligosaccharides in goat milk and their potential health effects in human milk (Sela et al, 2011) indicate that CMO may be utilised in the healthcare and food sector as ingredients to promote health in both infants and adults. Thus the method used in our study utilises cheese goat whey as the raw material, together with combinations of purification strategies previously used to purify and/or structurally identify CMO and BMO (Barile et al, 2009;Mehra et al, 2014;Oliveira et al, 2012). However, our study is the first applied to goat milk with the objective to obtain an enriched oligosaccharides product and free of protein.…”

Delactosed permeate as a dairy processing co‐product with major potential value: a review

“…Similarly, Oliveira et al . () described a process for the isolation of oligosaccharides from caprine whey based primarily on the use of membrane filtration.…”