Separation of Acylated Anthocyanin Pigments by High Speed CCC

Analysis of Anthocyanins in Rat Intestinal ContentsImpact of Anthocyanin Chemical Structure on Fecal Excretion

“…Solvents Comparison. Methanol ( , ), acetone ( , ), and water have been widely used for anthocyanin extraction. Aqueous methanol ( , ) has also been recommended.…”

“…Method Development. Four solvents, methanol, acetone, methanol water mixture (60:40; v/v), and double distilled (DD) water, all acidified with 1% TFA (22), were studied for the extraction efficiency. The experiment was done in duplicate.…”

Analysis of Anthocyanins in Rat Intestinal ContentsImpact of Anthocyanin Chemical Structure on Fecal Excretion

“…Solvents Comparison. Methanol ( , ), acetone ( , ), and water have been widely used for anthocyanin extraction. Aqueous methanol ( , ) has also been recommended.…”

“…Method Development. Four solvents, methanol, acetone, methanol water mixture (60:40; v/v), and double distilled (DD) water, all acidified with 1% TFA (22), were studied for the extraction efficiency. The experiment was done in duplicate.…”

Strategies of solvent system selection for the isolation of flavonoids by countercurrent chromatography

“…The possible ratios are limited because raising the ratio of ACN relative to MTBE can form three phases. Selected examples of the utilization of this solvent system are the isolation of natural pigments from various food sources such as cabbage ( Brassica oleracea , Brassicaceae) 39, acetylated anthocyanins from onions ( Allium cepa , Liliacea) 40, anthocyanins from red wine 41, 42, potato ( Solanum tuberosum , Solanaceae) 43, mulberry ( Morus alba , Moraceae) 44, and orange ( Citrus sinensis , Rutaceae) 45, among others 46–55. Given the limitations of the ratios of solvent in this solvent system, all separations are performed with MTBE‐BuOH‐ACN‐H 2 O at a ratio of 2:2:1:5 or 3:1:1:5, acidified with 0.1 or 0.01% TFA…”

“…A total of 170 papers (including review papers but excluding book chapters and patents) were found, of which we had access to 148 papers. These papers 12–159 comprise studies on two large groups of flavonoids: the free and the glycosylated flavonoids. From the first group, we found examples of the isolation of flavones, flavonols, isoflavonoids, flavanones, flavanonols, chalcones, anthocyanidines, proanthocyanidines, rotenoids, biflavonoids, triflavonoids, and theaflavins, which account for 45 references and two review papers (32% of the total).…”

Analysis of Anthocyanins in Rat Intestinal ContentsImpact of Anthocyanin Chemical Structure on Fecal Excretion

“…Solvents Comparison. Methanol ( , ), acetone ( , ), and water have been widely used for anthocyanin extraction. Aqueous methanol ( , ) has also been recommended.…”

“…Method Development. Four solvents, methanol, acetone, methanol water mixture (60:40; v/v), and double distilled (DD) water, all acidified with 1% TFA (22), were studied for the extraction efficiency. The experiment was done in duplicate.…”

Strategies of solvent system selection for the isolation of flavonoids by countercurrent chromatography

“…The possible ratios are limited because raising the ratio of ACN relative to MTBE can form three phases. Selected examples of the utilization of this solvent system are the isolation of natural pigments from various food sources such as cabbage ( Brassica oleracea , Brassicaceae) 39, acetylated anthocyanins from onions ( Allium cepa , Liliacea) 40, anthocyanins from red wine 41, 42, potato ( Solanum tuberosum , Solanaceae) 43, mulberry ( Morus alba , Moraceae) 44, and orange ( Citrus sinensis , Rutaceae) 45, among others 46–55. Given the limitations of the ratios of solvent in this solvent system, all separations are performed with MTBE‐BuOH‐ACN‐H 2 O at a ratio of 2:2:1:5 or 3:1:1:5, acidified with 0.1 or 0.01% TFA…”

“…A total of 170 papers (including review papers but excluding book chapters and patents) were found, of which we had access to 148 papers. These papers 12–159 comprise studies on two large groups of flavonoids: the free and the glycosylated flavonoids. From the first group, we found examples of the isolation of flavones, flavonols, isoflavonoids, flavanones, flavanonols, chalcones, anthocyanidines, proanthocyanidines, rotenoids, biflavonoids, triflavonoids, and theaflavins, which account for 45 references and two review papers (32% of the total).…”

Analysis of Anthocyanins in Rat Intestinal ContentsImpact of Anthocyanin Chemical Structure on Fecal Excretion

“…Solvents Comparison. Methanol ( , ), acetone ( , ), and water have been widely used for anthocyanin extraction. Aqueous methanol ( , ) has also been recommended.…”

“…Method Development. Four solvents, methanol, acetone, methanol water mixture (60:40; v/v), and double distilled (DD) water, all acidified with 1% TFA (22), were studied for the extraction efficiency. The experiment was done in duplicate.…”

Strategies of solvent system selection for the isolation of flavonoids by countercurrent chromatography

“…The possible ratios are limited because raising the ratio of ACN relative to MTBE can form three phases. Selected examples of the utilization of this solvent system are the isolation of natural pigments from various food sources such as cabbage ( Brassica oleracea , Brassicaceae) 39, acetylated anthocyanins from onions ( Allium cepa , Liliacea) 40, anthocyanins from red wine 41, 42, potato ( Solanum tuberosum , Solanaceae) 43, mulberry ( Morus alba , Moraceae) 44, and orange ( Citrus sinensis , Rutaceae) 45, among others 46–55. Given the limitations of the ratios of solvent in this solvent system, all separations are performed with MTBE‐BuOH‐ACN‐H 2 O at a ratio of 2:2:1:5 or 3:1:1:5, acidified with 0.1 or 0.01% TFA…”

“…A total of 170 papers (including review papers but excluding book chapters and patents) were found, of which we had access to 148 papers. These papers 12–159 comprise studies on two large groups of flavonoids: the free and the glycosylated flavonoids. From the first group, we found examples of the isolation of flavones, flavonols, isoflavonoids, flavanones, flavanonols, chalcones, anthocyanidines, proanthocyanidines, rotenoids, biflavonoids, triflavonoids, and theaflavins, which account for 45 references and two review papers (32% of the total).…”