Separation and identification of cetirizine enantiomers in human urine by capillary electrophoresis and circular dichroism independent of their standards

Abstract

Enantioseparation and determination of chiral drugs are of vital importance in biochemical and pharmaceutical research due to the different biological activity, mechanism, and toxicity of individual enantiomers. As a second‐generation H(1)‐antagonist, cetirizine's pharmaceutical activity is mainly derived from the levocetirizine while the dextro‐enantiomer is ineffective and even associated with side effects. Herein, the enantiomers of cetirizine were separated by capillary electrophoresis and identified by electronic circular dichroism. Satisfactory linear relationship was found between the circular dichroism signal at λmax and the electrophoretic peak area difference in the nonracemic mixture of enantiomers. It made possible identification and quantification of cetirizine enantiomers independent of single enantiomer standards. The method's feasibility was demonstrated on the enantiomeric excess experiments of oral drugs measured in human blank urine. Additionally, the separation and determination of cetirizine in human urine after administration were also realized by capillary electrophoresis, indicating the method was sensitive enough for pharmacokinetic study.

Simultaneous identification and enantioseparation of ofloxacin and duloxetine without the single standard and computational calculation of their inclusion complexes

“…All of the linear relationships of the CE and ECD ee experiments were listed in Table S3. In comparison with previous work, 32,41 this study successfully achieved the simultaneous separation and identification of two chiral drugs in complex matrix without a single enantiomeric standard.…”

Capillary Electrophoresis: A Three-Year Literature Review

“…The separation–detection technique was then applied to the assay of bisoprolol, esmolol, and propranolol enantiomers in urine samples, showing satisfactory analytical performance. Chen et al proposed an electronic circular dichroism (ECD)-assisted chiral CE method for the separation and identification of cetirizine enantiomers . Utilizing the linear relationship between ECD and CE signals, the electrophoresis peak sequence and ee% value of the nonracemic mixtures can be easily determined without relying on enantiomerically pure standards.…”

“…Chen et al proposed an electronic circular dichroism (ECD)-assisted chiral CE method for the separation and identification of cetirizine enantiomers. 206 Utilizing the linear relationship between ECD and CE signals, the electrophoresis peak sequence and ee% value of the nonracemic mixtures can be easily determined without relying on enantiomerically pure standards. The feasibility and sensitivity of this method were verified using urine samples, demonstrating its applicability for pharmacokinetic study.…”