Separation and concentration of sulfonylurea herbicides in milk by ionic‐liquid‐based foam flotation solid‐phase extraction

Abstract

The ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid foam flotation solid-phase extraction of sulfonylurea herbicides in milk was developed and validated. The proteins and lipids were isolated from the sample matrix by adding salt and adjusting the pH value. The target analytes eluted from the solid-phase extraction cartridge were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Some experimental parameters, including the pH value of sample solution, amount of NaCl, ionic liquid type, extraction time, flow rate of carrier gas, flotation time, and solid-phase extraction cartridge type were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the limits of detection for metsulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, and nicosulfuron were 1.3, 0.6, 0.7, and 1.1 μg/L, respectively. When the present method was applied to the analysis of milk samples the recoveries of the analytes ranged from 84.3 to 105.2% and relative standard deviations were >5.7%.

Preparation of iron‐based MIL‐101 functionalized polydopamine@Fe3O4 magnetic composites for extracting sulfonylurea herbicides from environmental water and vegetable samples

“…The performances of this method and previously published methods [28][29][30][31][32] for determining SUHs are shown in Supporting Information Table S4. The method gave satisfactory recoveries and similar or lower LODs and RSDs to the other methods.…”

A review of the applications of ion floatation: wastewater treatment, mineral beneficiation and hydrometallurgy

“…In addition to heavy metal ions, ion otation is also commonly used for removing organic and biological pollutants such as oil, triazine herbicides, peruorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and peruorooctanoate, Rhodamine 6G and sulfonylurea herbicides from wastewater or aqueous solution. [41][42][43][44][45][46][47] Lignin removal research was conducted by Wang et al through ion otation using cetyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium as the surfactant. They found that a fraction of more than 0.95 could be removed by continuous ion otation under the optimum operational conditions.…”

Extraction of acetanilide herbicides in naked oat (Avena nuda L.) by using ionic‐liquid‐based matrix solid‐phase dispersion‐foam flotation solid‐phase extraction

“…The main characteristics of ILs are low vapor pressure, good thermal stability, non‐volatile, low melting point, wide boiling range, strong electrostatic field, good conductivity, and thermal conductivity . It is a superior‐quality substitute of the traditional organic solvent in chemistry . These characteristics make ILs have properties of both liquid and solid.…”