Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Predictors of Axillary and Non-Sentinel Lymph Node Involvement

Postacı, Hakan; Zengel, Baha; Yararbaş, Ülkem; Uslu, Adam; Eliyatkın, Nükhet; Akpınar, Göksever; Cengız, Fevzi; Durusoy, Raika

doi:10.5152/balkanmedj.2013.9591

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similarly to our findings, although on a slightly smaller scale a Turkish group [14] found that tumour size and lymphovascular invasion were significant primary tumour related prognostic determinants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The positive sentinel lymph node biopsy- can we predict which patients will benefit from further surgery?

Dash¹,

Egbeare²,

Straiton³

et al. 2015

J Cancer Res Ther

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The positive sentinel lymph node biopsy- can we predict which patients will benefit from further surgery?

Dash¹,

Egbeare²,

Straiton³

et al. 2015

J Cancer Res Ther

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“…Postacı et al 19 reported a close relationship between tumour size and axillary lymph node involvement. The risk of axillary lymph node metastasis increases as tumour size increases which suggests that nodal metastasis is indicative of tumour chronology20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Determinants of lymph node status in women with breast cancer: A hospital based study from eastern India

Chakraborty¹,

Bose²,

Basak³

et al. 2016

Indian J Med Res

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Background & objectives:Number of metastatic lymph nodes has a strong prognostic value in the course of breast cancer treatment, morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to determine the association between axillary lymph node metastasis and several variables such as age, tumour size, grade, lymphovascular invasion, oestrogen and progesterone receptor expression and HER2/neu status in patients with breast cancer.Methods:In this study 426 (with complete information on study variables) patients with breast cancer on treatment during March 2010 to December 2013, were analyzed. TNM (tumour node matastasis) staging was evaluated. The histological grading of tumours was done according to modified Bloom-Richardson Grading System. The immunophenotype of the tumour was determined as the expression of oestrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors and HER2/neu status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to determine the independent predictors of metastatic lymph node.Results:Among the studied patients, 44.36 per cent (189 of 426) of the patients had nodal metastases. Tumour histology, tumour grade, size and lympho-vascular invasion were related with node positivity. On univariate analysis, age, menopause, hormone receptor status did not relate with the node metastasis. Age, tumour grade, tumour size, lympho-vascular invasion and HER2/neu expression was likely to be associated with the number of lymph node metastasis.Interpretation & conclusions:The lymph node status was associated with clinical stage, tumour grade, tumour histology and HER2/neu status. These factors may be used for better management of such patients.

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“…On the other hand, while loss of Claudin-4 and other members of the Claudin family may facilitate invasion by increasing cell mobility, re-expression of Claudin-4 may confer survival advantages within host tissue, potentially by promoting cohesion in established metastases [ 18 ]. As these events are also related to tumor size [ 19 ], this might explain the finding of the significant association of Claudin-4 and larger tumor size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of Claudin-4, CAIX and GLUT-1 in distant breast cancer metastases

et al. 2014

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BackgroundSeveral studies have shown that the immunophenotype of distant breast cancer metastases may differ significantly from that of the primary tumor, especially with regard to differences in the level of hormone receptor protein expression, a process known as receptor conversion. This study aimed to compare expression levels of several membrane proteins between primary breast tumors and their corresponding distant metastases in view of their potential applicability for molecular imaging and drug targeting.MethodsExpression of Claudin-4, EGFR, CAIX, GLUT-1 and IGF1R was assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays composed of 97 paired primary breast tumors and their distant (non-bone) metastases.ResultsIn both the primary cancers and the metastases, Claudin-4 was most frequently expressed, followed by GLUT-1, CAIX and EGFR.From primary breast cancers to their distant metastases there was positive to negative conversion, e.g. protein expression in the primary tumor with no expression in its paired metastasis, in 6%, 19%, 12%, 38%, and 0% for Claudin-4 (n.s), GLUT-1 (n.s), CAIX (n.s), EGFR (n.s) and IGF1R (n.s) respectively. Negative to positive conversion was seen in 65%, 47%, 43%, 9% and 0% of cases for Claudin-4 (p = 0.049), GLUT-1 (p = 0.024), CAIX (p = 0.002), EGFR (n.s.) and IGF1R (n.s.) respectively. Negative to positive conversion of Claudin-4 in the metastasis was significantly associated with tumor size (p = 0.015), negative to positive conversion of EGFR with negative PR status (p = 0.046) and high MAI (p = 0.047) and GLUT-1 negative to positive conversion with (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.039) and time to metastasis formation (p = 0.034). CAIX and GLUT-1 expression in the primary tumor were significantly associated with high MAI (p = 0.008 and p = 0.038 respectively).ConclusionClaudin-4 is frequently expressed in primary breast cancers but especially in their metastases and is thereby an attractive membrane bound molecular imaging and drug target. Conversion in expression of the studied proteins from the primary tumor to metastases was fairly frequent, except for IGF1R, implying that the expression status of metastases cannot always be reliably predicted from the primary tumor, thereby necessitating biopsy for reliable assessment.

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Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer: Predictors of Axillary and Non-Sentinel Lymph Node Involvement

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

The positive sentinel lymph node biopsy- can we predict which patients will benefit from further surgery?

The positive sentinel lymph node biopsy- can we predict which patients will benefit from further surgery?

Determinants of lymph node status in women with breast cancer: A hospital based study from eastern India

Upregulation of Claudin-4, CAIX and GLUT-1 in distant breast cancer metastases

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