2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.02.107
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Sensitivity of battery electric vehicle economics to drive patterns, vehicle range, and charge strategies

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Cited by 120 publications
(77 citation statements)
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“…Some studies note the heightened performance of EVs compared to their counterparts in terms of not only efficiency but acceleration or "smoothness" and "quietness" of ride (Ryghaug and Toftaker 2014;Tran et al 2013;Tran et al 2012;Daziano and Chiew 2012). Others have affirmed that EVs require minimal maintenance and generally less effort to own or operate (Mwasilu et al 2014;Neubauer et al 2012).…”
Section: Towards An Integrated Framework For Electric Mobilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some studies note the heightened performance of EVs compared to their counterparts in terms of not only efficiency but acceleration or "smoothness" and "quietness" of ride (Ryghaug and Toftaker 2014;Tran et al 2013;Tran et al 2012;Daziano and Chiew 2012). Others have affirmed that EVs require minimal maintenance and generally less effort to own or operate (Mwasilu et al 2014;Neubauer et al 2012).…”
Section: Towards An Integrated Framework For Electric Mobilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The desired SOC is selected based on the uniform distribution between 60% and 100% of the maximum SOC. The initial SOC is set to a value less than the desired SOC generated by a normal distribution with the standard deviation of 2 kWh and the mean value of 10 kWh, which translates into about 28 miles of travel by a typical EV with an energy consumption rate of 0.36 kW/mile [34]. The penetration level of EVs is assumed to be 50% (670 EVs), which consumes about 5.46 MWh each day.…”
Section: Simulation Setupmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In [123] researchers estimated that the charging infrastructures for level one and two in residential and commercial buildings cost around 900 USD and 1800 USD, respectively. Since a typical medium sized BEV-100, (with VMT of 100 miles) consumes 0.36 kWh per mile and has 40 kWh battery energy [124], a full charging cycle takes more than 20 h, 4 h, and 15 min with level one, level two, and level three chargers, respectively. However, the average VMT per day is around 25 miles and it is likely that EVs do not always need to be fully charged every day.…”
Section: Ev Types and Evolutionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, the maintenance and energy cost of EVs are much less than that of the conventional one. In order to help customers to choose a vehicle type, TCO of EVs is investigated in [124,[128][129][130]. In [128], TCO for annual VMT is developed based on a large data set of driving profiles from Germany.…”
Section: Ev Types and Evolutionmentioning
confidence: 99%