Semantic Interoperability on the Internet of Things

Abstract

Internet of Things should be able to integrate an extremely large amount of distributed and heterogeneous entities. To tackle heterogeneity, these entities will need to be consistently and formally represented and managed (registered, aligned, composed and queried) trough suitable abstraction technologies. Two distinct types of these entities are a) sensing/actuating devices that observe some features of interest or act on some other entities (call it ‘smart entities’), and b) applications that utilize the data sensed from or sent to the smart entities (call it ‘control entities’). The aim of this paper is to present the Semantic Smart Gateway Framework for supporting semantic interoperability between these types of heterogeneous IoT entities. More specifically, the paper describes an ontology as the key technology for the abstraction and semantic registration of these entities, towards supporting their automated deployment. The paper also described the alignment of IoT entities and of their exchanged messages. More important, the paper presents a use case scenario and a proof-of-concept implementation.

Ontology engineering methodologies for the evolution of living and reused ontologies: status, trends, findings and recommendations

“…SO24. The IoT ontology (Kotis & Katasonov, 2013) (http://ai-group.ds.unipi.gr/kotis/ontologies/IoTontology) aims to represent knowledge related to the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, towards supporting the automated deployment of IoT applications in heterogeneous smart environments. It serves as a semantic registry to associations of sensing, actuating and identity, as well as to applications that utilize the services provided by these associations.…”

A Survey on Challenges of Semantics Application in the Internet of Things Domain

“…Altogether, from different columns of Table I, 7 papers led to the IoT challenges, 5 papers led to Semantic Web challenges, and 11 papers reported on semantic technology challenges in the IoT domain. [6], [8] [5], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15] [1], [2], [3], [4], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24] III. BACKGROUND…”

“…This transformation demands high level [17]. Two approaches, as defined by [9], can be used to reach interoperability: full standardisation and partial standardisation combined with artificial intelligence solutions. Standardisation of all developed and developing technologies seems improbable as it requires worldwide agreements between manufacturers and research groups.…”

SEMIoTICS: Semantically Enhanced IoT-Enabled Intelligent Control Systems

“…However, IoT-enabled applications will not be able to offer effective monitoring and control services, if the semantic models do not explicitly consider the systems' modelling and control design details. The need to extend the semantic models towards conceptualising control and other processing entities as well, has been partially addressed in [24]. The author identified the need to model sensors, actuators and controllers, presenting a "Semantic Smart Gateway Framework" that acts as an interoperability service and mediator between IoT application providers and consumers.…”