Self-Incompatibility in the Brassicaceae

Kachroo, Aardra; Nasrallah, Mikhail E.; Nasrallah, June B.

doi:10.1105/tpc.010440

Cited by 101 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In contrast, other ecotypes have experienced additional loss-of-function mutations at one or more SImodifier genes that cause SI to break down in mature flowers and, in some cases, to become attenuated in stage-13 floral buds. The SI response, like other receptor-mediated signaling systems, involves the formation of complexes between receptor, ligand, and possibly other proteins and also requires the activity of largely unknown elements of a downstream signaling cascade (10). Thus, selection for mutations that promote self-fertility in natural populations is expected to act not only on the S-locus recognition genes but also on various components of the signaling complex and response pathway, some of which might be encoded by the SI-modifier loci identified in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this family, out-crossing is determined by a genetic self-incompatibility (SI) system controlled by haplotypes of the S locus (reviewed in ref. 10). In self-incompatible crucifers, the recognition and subsequent inhibition of self-related pollen by the stigma epidermis is effected through allele-specific interactions (11,12) between two highly polymorphic S-locus-encoded proteins: the S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), a transmembrane protein displayed at the stigma epidermal surface, and the S-locus cysteine-rich protein (SCR), a small protein that is localized in the pollen coat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In self-incompatible crucifers, the recognition and subsequent inhibition of self-related pollen by the stigma epidermis is effected through allele-specific interactions (11,12) between two highly polymorphic S-locus-encoded proteins: the S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), a transmembrane protein displayed at the stigma epidermal surface, and the S-locus cysteine-rich protein (SCR), a small protein that is localized in the pollen coat. In self-pollination, SRK-SCR interaction leads to activation of the receptor and triggers a poorly understood signal transduction cascade within the stigma epidermal cell that results in inhibition of pollen hydration, germination, and tube growth (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Natural variation in expression of self-incompatibility in Arabidopsis thaliana : Implications for the evolution of selfing

Nasrallah

Liu²,

Sherman-Broyles³

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

169

219

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The switch from an out-crossing to a self-fertilizing mating system is one of the most prevalent evolutionary trends in plant reproduction and is thought to have occurred repeatedly in flowering plants. However, little is known about the evolution of self-fertility and the genetic architecture of selfing. Here, we establish Arabidopsis thaliana as a model for genetic analysis of the switch to self-fertility in the crucifer family, where the ancestral out-crossing mode of mating is determined by self-incompatibility (SI), a genetic system controlled by the S locus. We show that A. thaliana ecotypes exhibit S-locus polymorphisms and differ in their ability to express the SI trait upon transformation with S-locus genes derived from the obligate out-crosser Arabidopsis lyrata. Remarkably, at least one ecotype was reverted to a stable, self-incompatible phenotype identical to that of naturally self-incompatible species. These ecotype differences are heritable and reflect the fixation in different A. thaliana populations of independent mutations that caused or enforced the switch to self-fertility. Their continued analysis promises to identify the loci that were the targets of natural selection for selfing and to contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the SI response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Natural variation in expression of self-incompatibility in Arabidopsis thaliana : Implications for the evolution of selfing

Nasrallah

Liu²,

Sherman-Broyles³

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

169

219

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“…Recently, the main gene constituents of the S-haplotype of both the sporophytic system in Brassicaceae (Schopfer et al 1999;Takasaki et al 2000;Kachroo et al 2001;Takayama et al 2000Takayama et al , 2001) and the gametophytic system in Solanaceae (Lee et al 1994;Sijacic et al 2004) have been elucidated. In both cases, specificity is determined by the interaction of two genes underlying female and male function, respectively.…”

Section: H Omomorphic Self-incompatibility (Si) Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection at Work in Self-Incompatible Arabidopsis lyrata: Mating Patterns in a Natural Population

et al. 2006

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Identification and characterization of the self-incompatibility genes in Brassicaceae species now allow typing of self-incompatibility haplotypes in natural populations. In this study we sampled and mapped all 88 individuals in a small population of Arabidopsis lyrata from Iceland. The self-incompatibility haplotypes at the SRK gene were typed for all the plants and some of their progeny and used to investigate the realized mating patterns in the population. The observed frequencies of haplotypes were found to change considerably from the parent generation to the offspring generation around their deterministic equilibria as determined from the known dominance relations among haplotypes. We provide direct evidence that the incompatibility system discriminates against matings among adjacent individuals. Multiple paternity is very common, causing mate availability among progeny of a single mother to be much larger than expected for single paternity.H OMOMORPHIC self-incompatibility (SI) systems constitute invisible barriers to self-fertilization and mating among related individuals. Thus, the presence of a self-incompatibility system has a large influence on realized mating patterns in natural populations. Homomorphic SI systems are divided into gametophytic and sporophytic systems that are usually controlled by a single locus with multiple specificities (haplotypes) consisting of two (or more) genes responsible for stigma and pollen reactions. In gametophytic SI (GSI), compatibility results if the haplotype of the pollen is different from both haplotypes of the diploid stigma. When individuals share one haplotype, the reaction is compatible but only one type of pollen fertilizes; that is, an individual of genotype S i S j can be fertilized by pollen carrying S k from an S i S k individual but not by pollen carrying S i . In sporophytic SI (SSI), the diploid pollen parent determines the phenotype of all pollen, and growth of the pollen is averted if this phenotype matches with the phenotype determined by the genotype of the diploid stigma.

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“…SRK perceives SCR deposited on the pollen coat to initiate sporophytic SI response during incompatible pollination (Takasaki et al, 2000;Takayama et al, 2001). SI is only initiated when the pollen land on the "self" stigma of the same haplotype to block pollen hydration and germination which leads to rejection of "self" pollen to prohibit self-pollination (Kachroo et al, 2001). During out-crossing or selfing in the self-compatible species, like Arabidopsis thaliana in which the SRK or SCR alleles are non-functional, the non-self SCR could not activate SRK, thus the pollen rejection signaling is not triggered.…”

Section: Rlks In Pollen-stigma Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RLKs orchestrate the signaling in plant male-female interaction

Yang

2016

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Different from animals, sessile plants are equipped with a large receptor-like kinase (RLK) superfamily. RLKs are a family of single trans-membrane proteins with divergent N-terminal extracellular domains capped by a signal peptide and C-terminal intracellular kinase. Researches in the last two decades have uncovered an increasing number of RLKs that regulate plant development, stress response and sexual reproduction, highlighting a dominant role of RLK signaling in cell-to-cell communications. Sexual reproduction in flowering plants is featured by interactions between the male gametophyte and the female tissues to facilitate sperm delivery and fertilization. Emerging evidences suggest that RLKs regulate almost every aspect of plant reproductive process, especially during pollination. Therefore, in this review we will focus mainly on the function and signaling of RLKs in plant male-female interaction and discuss the future prospects on these topics. RLK, signaling, plant reproduction, pollen tube, female gametophyte, male-female interaction, pollen tube growth and guidance, pollen tube reception Citation:Li, H., and Yang, W.C. (2016). RLKs orchestrate the signaling in plant male-female interaction. Sci China Life Sci 59, 867 -877.

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Self-Incompatibility in the Brassicaceae

Cited by 101 publications

References 90 publications

Natural variation in expression of self-incompatibility in Arabidopsis thaliana : Implications for the evolution of selfing

Natural variation in expression of self-incompatibility in Arabidopsis thaliana : Implications for the evolution of selfing

Selection at Work in Self-Incompatible Arabidopsis lyrata: Mating Patterns in a Natural Population

RLKs orchestrate the signaling in plant male-female interaction

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