Self Care Behavior among Patients with Diabetes in Harari, Eastern Ethiopia: The Health Belief Model Perspective

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires lifelong medical treatments and a life style adjustment. To prevent serious morbidity and mortality, it requires dedication to demanding self-care behaviors in multiple domains. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of self care behaviors among patients with diabetes.MethodsFrom a total of 425 follow up diabetic patients, a quantitative cross sectional study was conducted among 222 of them from three different hospitals in Harar town, from March to April, 2011. The sample was taken using simple random sampling method. Data was collected using pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics multiple logistic regression analysis were also used to assess the predicators of self care behaviors among patients with diabetes.ResultMajority of the study respondents 134 (60.4%) were female and the mean age was 49.7 (SD±14.7) years. More than half 147(66.2%) of them were medically diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. 208(93.7%) had general knowledge about diabetes and specific knowledge about diabetes self care 207(93.2%). Large proportion of them had moderate perceived susceptibility 174(78.4%) and severity 112(50.5%). More than half of the respondents 149(67.1%) had less perceived barrier while only 30 (13.5%) of them had high self efficacy to self care practices related to diabetes mellitus. Only 87(39.2%) followed the recommended self care practices on diabetes.ConclusionsPatients with less frequent information were less likely to take diabetes self care. Patients who were more educated, middle income, had high perceived severity of diabetes and less perceived barrier to self care were more likely to take diabetes self care. To increase the self care behavior, diabetes messages should focus on severity of diabetes and how to overcome barriers for self care by segmenting the audiences based on income and educational status with increasing the frequency and reach of message on diabetes.

The Correlation Between Self Care Behavior and the Level of Hba1c of the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Binjai City, Sumatera Utara Province

“…This finding was in line with the research result conducted of [7]) at the Endocrine Clinic DR Hasan Sadikin that the majority of patients (55.91%) belong to low level self care. Meanwhile Reference [12] conducted a research to assess diabetic patients' understanding about selfcare knowledge, concluded that in general the level of self-care behavior of diabetic patients is poor (unsatisfactory). Although the significance varies among countries, less optimum self-care behaviors among DM patients nearly exist in all countries.…”

Levels and Predictors of Adherence to Self-care Behaviour among Adult Type 2 Diabetics at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia

“…According to the WHO, insufficient physical activity, defined as less than 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week [or equivalent], was present in about a quarter of men and a third of women in African region [46,47]. A similar study done in Harari, Ethiopia, showed that only 31.1% had exercise for thirty minutes per day [48].…”

Adesão ao tratamento do diabetes mellitus e variáveis sociodemográficas, clinicas e de controle metabólico

“…(2) Non-adherence to the treatment of diabetes mellitus is a problem whose dimensions are renowned in the international and Brazilian contexts, contributes to the low efficiency level of the treatment with complications in the medium and long-term and, consequently, increases the demand for high-complexity health services. (2)(3)(4)(5) The prevalence of non-adherence shows great variation depending on the study design, research population and measuring method. In the literature, the rates vary between 17% and 86% for medication treatment, 62% to 71% for the diet and 47% to 80% for physical exercise.…”