Selective Hydrogenation of Furfural: Pure Silica Supported Metal Catalysts

Abstract

Furfural is a raw material for the preparation of furan derivatives with active chemical properties. Due to its ability to prepare various high value-added chemicals through oxidation, condensation, hydrogenation, and other reactions, furfural has received extensive attention. The activity of catalyst depends largely on the solvent effect, reaction temperature, metalsupport interaction, metal nanoparticle size, and also depends on the synthesis method of catalyst. In this review, mono-metal (Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, Zn, Zr, Au, Pt, Pd, etc.) and bimetallic (CuÀ , NiÀ , PtÀ and PdÀ , etc.) catalysts supported on mesoporous silica materials for the hydrogenation of furfural to various high value-added chemicals in gas or liquid phase are highlighted. At the same time, some feasible suggestions are put forward. Mono-metal catalysts are prone to deactivation (due to carbon deposition and metal sintering), and the addition of a second metal or solvent modification can be used to improve catalyst activity, furfural conversion, and product selectivity.

Design of Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Conversion of Furfural to C5 Derivatives: A Brief Review

“…THFA is an important intermediate obtained in the green form, and it can be used to produce several compounds. The biofuel tetrahydrofuran and the alcohols 1,2-pentanediol and 1,5pentanediol are the most important products obtained from THFA [75,76]. The hydrogenation of FF to THFA occurs following two parallel routes.…”

“…The group VIII metals can be used for hydrogenation. The second route involves the hydrogenation of the furan ring, and the group VIII metals (Ni, Pd, and Pt) are used as catalysts as the planar adsorption of the ring on the metals can be achieved using these metals [76].…”

Correlating O-Vacancy and Hydrogen Spillover with Activity and Selectivity in Furfural Hydrogenation Using Nanocatalysts Comprised of Ru Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2–SiO2

“…Furfural is a commodity that can be directly employed as a platform molecule for the low-cost removal of aromatic components from lubricants and diesel . Also, it is the basis for obtaining top value-added organic compounds such as furfuryl alcohol, a chemical intermediate that shows extensive applications in polymers, fine chemicals, and agro-industrial products. , However, the current industrial process for producing furfuryl alcohol from furfural employs copper chromite-based catalysts under harsh conditions (30–60 bar of hydrogen and 130–200 °C), which do not match perspectives on the relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. , Recent reviews have shown the use of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), noble and non-noble metals, and silica-supported metal catalysts, as well as the employment of continuous-flow reactors and transfer hydrogenation . Thus, it is undeniable that the available large-scale technologies to produce upgraded organic compounds from furfural are limited.…”

“…2,3 However, the current industrial process for producing furfuryl alcohol from furfural employs copper chromite-based catalysts under harsh conditions (30−60 bar of hydrogen and 130−200 °C), which do not match perspectives on the relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. 2,3 Recent reviews have shown the use of metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), 4 noble and non-noble metals, 5 and silica-supported metal catalysts, 6 as well as the employment of continuous-flow reactors 7 and transfer hydrogenation. 8 Thus, it is undeniable that the available large-scale technologies to produce upgraded organic compounds from furfural are limited.…”

Screening of Ni based catalysts supported on metal oxides for liquid-phase hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol

“…[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Among FAL derivatives, FOL is a valuable C5platform chemical that has diverse applications in the production of resins, lubricants, adhesives, fragrances, lysine, etc. 13,14 Actually, according to the statistics by Mandalika et al, 15 approximately 62% of FAL have been converted to FOL annually.…”