Selection, Realized Heritability, and Fitness Cost Associated With Dimethoate Resistance in a Field Population of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Mosquitoes are known to be vectors of numerous diseases leading to human morbidity and mortality at large scale in the world. Insecticide resistance has become a serious concern in controlling the insect vectors of public health importance. Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide used to control different insect pests including mosquitoes. Biological parameters of susceptible, unselected, and dimethoate-selected strains of Culex quinquefasciatus Say were studied in the laboratory to recognize resistance development potential and associated fitness cost. The dimethoate-selected strain showed 66.48-fold resistance to dimethoate compared with the susceptible strain after three continuous selections of generations. Realized heritability estimates of dimethoate resistance in Cx. quinquefasciatus yielded a value of 0.19. In dimethoate-selected strain, the biological traits including larval weight, survival from first instar to pupae, fecundity, number of next-generation larvae, relative fitness, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of natural increase, and biotic potential were significantly reduced as compared with the unselected strain. However, adult longevity, mean relative growth rate, weight of egg raft, female ratio, pupal duration, and emergence rate of the dimethoate-selected strain did not differ significantly compared with that of the unselected strain. This study provides useful information to devise retrospective management strategy for dimethoate resistance in Cx. quinquefasciatus.

Characterization of dimethoate resistance in Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa): resistance selection, cross-resistance to three insecticides and mode of inheritance

“…This illustrates how a frequent use of dimethoate for cotton pest management in the area where the population was collected is already affecting to the resistance development to this insecticide. Furthermore, after selection with dimethoate Robertson and Preisler (1992) in comparison to Field Pop c Resistance ratios their 95% CLs calculated by the method of Robertson and Preisler (1992) in comparison to Lab Pop (Alam et al 2017). All together, these results prove that swift response to selection of pest populations in the laboratory is a potential tool to understand the evolution of resistance in the field.…”

“…Moreover, varying levels of field evolved-resistance to dimethoate have been reported in the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) (Skouras et al 2007) and the house fly Musca domestica Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae) (Sawicki 1974). In the laboratory, the Southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) also reported to develop a 66.48-fold resistance to dimethoate after three selected generations (Alam et al 2017).…”

Impact of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes’ fitness

“…Resistance to insecticide has a certain fitness cost on the short and long-term that can be observed on a phenotypic level [21][22][23][24][25]. Here we could show that at least four life-history traits implicated in transmission were affected by a sublethal exposure to insecticide on resistant mosquitoes.…”

Impact of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes’ fitness

“…Resistance to insecticide has a certain fitness cost on the short and long-term that can be observed on a phenotypic level [21][22][23][24][25] However, the extent to which this can maintain the sustainability of the species requires further investigation. Here, we assessed four energy-cost related life-history traits in resistant mosquitoes after a sublethal exposure to insecticide treated net and their epidemiological importance.…”