Selection for litter size and litter birthweight in Large White pigs: Maximum, mean and variability of reproduction traits

Sell‐Kubiak, Ewa

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100352

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Ovulation number is a very crucial trait in pigs for it determines the maximum litter size ( 4 , 5 ), which is one of the most important economic traits and is difficult to be improved by traditional selection because of its relatively low heritability ( 2 ). To achieve the aim of high ovulation rate in pigs, scientists had made great effort on the regulation mechanisms of animal reproduction, which had been greatly driven to perform related gene screening involved in the reproductive regulation of pigs and to mediate the process for increasing the litter size ( 1 , 3 , 9 , 31 ). In the last few decades, the whole genomes of pigs had been continuously published, which contributed to facilitate the studies on the transcriptome in pigs ( 9 , 10 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Litter size, such as total number (of piglets) born (TNB), is one of the most important reproductive traits, which is difficult to be improved by traditional selection because of its relatively low heritability ( 2 ). In female animals, the mature oocyte quantity and quality are the two main factors affecting fertility ( 3 ). Ovulation is the first determinant factor for litter size, and many reports have shown that selection according to ovulation numbers could significantly increase litter size in sows ( 4 , 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Oogenesis-Related Long Non-coding RNAs in Porcine Ovaries Treated With Recombinant Pig Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Mao

Lu²,

Bao³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Reproductive efficiency is of significant importance in pork production for it has a great impact on economic success. Ovulation rate is an early component of reproduction efficiency of pigs, and it contributes to the upper limit of litter size. In this study, we used the newly developed recombinant pig follicle stimulating hormone (rpFSH) instead of traditional PMSG to increase ovulation rate of pigs in order to achieve higher litter size, for it was better at stimulating ovulation, and showed more cheaper and greener. However, relatively little is known about the underlying genetic bases and molecular mechanisms. Consequently, an experiment was carried out in ovaries of replacement gilts to screen the key genes and lncRNAs that affect the fecundity of pigs by RNA-seq technology. Twenty gilts were divided into two groups, including 10 rpFSH treatment pigs and 10 control animals. After slaughtering and collecting the phenotypic data, ovaries of five pigs in each group were selected for RNA-seq. Total RNA was extracted to construct the library and then sequence on an Illumina Hiseq 4000 system. A comprehensive analysis of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from 10 samples was performed with bioinformatics. The phenotypic data showed that rpFSH treatment groups had the higher (P < 0.01) ovarian weight and more mature follicles. The RNA-seq results showed that a total of 43,499 mRNAs and 21,703 lncRNAs were identified, including 21,300 novel lncRNAs and 403 known lncRNAs, of which 585 mRNAs and 398 lncRNAs (P < 0.05) were significantly differentially expressed (DE) between the two groups of rpFSH treatment group and controlled group. GO and KEGG annotation analysis indicated that the target genes of DE lncRNAs and DE mRNAs were related to prolactin receptor activity, mitophagy by induced vacuole formation, and meiotic spindle. Moreover, we found that NR5A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2), a target gene of lncRNA MSTRG.3902.1, was involved in regulating follicular development, ovulation, and estrogen production. Our study provided a catalog of lncRNAs and mRNAs associated with ovulation of rpFSH treatment, and they deserve further study to deepen the understanding of biological processes in the regulation of ovaries of rpFSH treatment pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Oogenesis-Related Long Non-coding RNAs in Porcine Ovaries Treated With Recombinant Pig Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Mao

Lu²,

Bao³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…To get a better understanding of the genetic architecture of litter size variability traits, we obtained log-transformed variance of residuals of TNB ( LnVarTNB ), NBA ( LnVarNBA ), and TND ( LnVarTND ) traits from the records of each traits following [9] , [30] : firstly, we used the formula (1) to calculate a residual for available observation for TNB, NBA, and TND traits; secondly, a variance of these residuals was log-transformed to generate a unique value of LnVar for each of TNB, NBA, and TND traits per sow.

where y is the TNB, NBA, and TND of the individuals; α is a vector of fixed effects, including farm-year-season of the farrowing (64 levels) and parity of the sow (8 levels); b is a vector of additive genetic effects and is set as b ∼ N (0, G

), where G is the genomic relationship matrix [31] ; pe is a vector of permanent environmental sow effects and is set as pe ∼ N (0, I

); W, Z, and U are incidence matrices for α , b , and pe ; e is a vector of residuals and is set as e ∼ N (0, I

); I is an identity matrix.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the extreme litter sizes reduce welfare and survival of the piglets at weaning, and decreasing the variation in litter size will lead to more sustainable breeding in terms of increasing piglet survival [7] . Generally, litter traits have low heritability [8] , [9] , therefore, genetic analyses should be systematically conducted for the traits to generate the in-depth biological knowledge that can significantly improve the selection efficiency of genomic selection and benefit genetic improvements of low heritability traits [10] , [11] . In addition, swine can be used as an alternative animal model, which likely overcome the limitations in human and other models, one reason is that swine are highly similar to humans in many aspects, e.g., hormonal cycle and physiology [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterozygosity and homozygosity regions affect reproductive success and the loss of reproduction: A case study with litter traits in pigs

Chen

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

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“…Even more so, the low repeatability of results across populations is surprising, because most of studies were based on the same SNP chip and (in general) most popular pig breeds. Another reason might have been the low heritability of studied traits, which based on different studies varies from 0.05 to 0.2 [11,29,32,36]. The heritability level affects the ability to retract the trait's heritability based on SNP associations [23].…”

Section: Genetic Relationship Between Litter Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of SNPs determining litter traits in pigs

Sell‐Kubiak

Dobrzański

Derks

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Nearly 2,000 SNPs associated with pig litter size traits were so far reported based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The aims of this study were to gather and integrate previously reported associations between SNPs and five litter traits: total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), number of stillborn (SB), litter birthweight (LWT), and corpus luteum number (CLN) to evaluate their common genetic background, and to perform the meta-analysis (MA) of GWAS for total number born (TNB) recorded on animals from five pig populations. Results: In this study, the genes with the largest number of associations with evaluated litter traits were GABRG3, RBP7, PRKD1, and STXBP6. Only 21 genes out of 233 associated with the evaluated litter traits were reported in more than one population or for more than one trait. Based on this evaluation the most interesting candidate gene is PRKD1, which has an association with SB and TNB. Based on GO term analysis, PRKD1 was shown to be involved in angiogenesis as well. As a result of the MA, two new genomic regions, that have not been previously reported, were found to be associated with TNB. One SNP was located on Sus scrofa chromosome (SSC) 14 in the intron of the FAM13C gene. The second SNP was located on SSC9 within the intron of the AGMO gene. Functional analysis revealed a strong candidate causal gene underlying the QTL on SSC9. The third best hit and the most promising candidate gene for litter size was found within the SOSTDC1 gene associated with lower male fertility in rats.Conclusions: We showed that litter traits studied across pig populations have only a few genomic regions in common based on candidate genes comparison. PRKD1 could be an interesting candidate gene with wider association with fertility. The MA identified new genomic regions on SSC9 and SSC14 associated with TNB. Further functional analysis indicated the most promising gene being SOSTDC1 that was confirmed to affect male fertility in other mammals. This is an important finding as litter traits are by default linked with females rather than males.

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Selection for litter size and litter birthweight in Large White pigs: Maximum, mean and variability of reproduction traits

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Mechanisms of Oogenesis-Related Long Non-coding RNAs in Porcine Ovaries Treated With Recombinant Pig Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Mechanisms of Oogenesis-Related Long Non-coding RNAs in Porcine Ovaries Treated With Recombinant Pig Follicle-Stimulating Hormone

Heterozygosity and homozygosity regions affect reproductive success and the loss of reproduction: A case study with litter traits in pigs

Meta-analysis of SNPs determining litter traits in pigs

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