Selected types of corrosion degradation of pipelines

Abstract

The paper deals with corrosion degradation of gas pipeline. Pipelines play very important role as means transporting gas media over long distances from producers to end-users. Gas pipelines present a risk of potential corrosion degradation that can result in their failure. Corrosion on internal surfaces of steel pipes takes place in CO2, H2S, H2O and chloride environment. Degradation of steel results in loss of mechanical properties, reduction in thickness and ultimate perforation and failure. Corrosion is the electrochemical process that involves the fl ow of electrical currents on a micro or macro scale. For corroding steel, the anodic and the cathodic reactions produces the electrochemical cell. Corrosion protection of internal pipeline surface is based mainly on chemical composition of gas and the use of inhibitors. Corrosion protection of the external steel surface of the product line involves coatings and cathodic protection.

Context-Based and Image-Based Subsea Pipeline Degradation Monitoring

“…Corrosion can cause damage to both the inside and exterior layers of a pipeline and image-based inspection by AUS allows for the detection of exterior corrosion. Hagarova et al [8] examined the types of corrosion and prevention mechanisms that often involve coatings and cathodic protection. The outer surfaces of pipelines are additionally protected by protective barriers, metal and non-metal coatings, glass fiber, rubber, and epoxide designed to last for the duration of the pipeline's life [7][8][9].…”

“…Hagarova et al [8] examined the types of corrosion and prevention mechanisms that often involve coatings and cathodic protection. The outer surfaces of pipelines are additionally protected by protective barriers, metal and non-metal coatings, glass fiber, rubber, and epoxide designed to last for the duration of the pipeline's life [7][8][9]. However, the degradation of the outer surface of the pipeline gains an electrochemical nature.…”

“…However, the degradation of the outer surface of the pipeline gains an electrochemical nature. The authors highlighted [8] the high dependency of exterior corrosion on the soil's chemical composition, the water's salinity in the environment, the existence of currents and atmospheric characteristics, and the presence of microorganisms. According to [8], the surrounding soil influences aeration, affecting water content, oxygen concentration, and other potentially corrosive constituents.…”

Corrosion problems in the oil country tubular goods and their mitigation – a review

“…Some authors Antony et al (2007), Cetin and Aksu (2009) reported that sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) acting under anaerobic conditions is responsible for MIC corrosion. SRB of the following genera are mostly involved: Desulphotomaculum species, Achromobacter species, Flavobacterium species and others (Hagarová et al, 2015). They can grow under a pH range from 4.0 to 9.5 and tolerate pressure up to 500 atm (AlAbbas et al, 2013), and most SRB exist in a temperature range from 25°C to 60°C (Madigan et al, 2008).…”

A Review on Expired Drug-Based Corrosion Inhibitors: Chemical Composition, Structural Effects, Inhibition Mechanism, Current Challenges, and Future Prospects

“…Corrosion becomes a principal problem for some industries in the world, mainly in oil and gas industries. Transportation of fluids containing crude oil, natural gas, and corrosive substances creates rust in the inner part of the pipeline by electrochemical reactions [4]. Repairing and replacement of the rusted pipeline required a very expensive cost and spent a lot of time.…”