Seismic and geochemical evidence for large-scale mantle upwelling beneath the eastern Atlantic and western and central Europe

Hoernle, Kaj; Zhang, Yushen; Graham, David W.

doi:10.1038/374034a0

Cited by 377 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A large differentiation of the seismic structure in the mantle was shown by Hoernle et al (1995). This model is consistent with recent models (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The tomographic seismic cross-sections through the EEC-TESZ contact presented by Hoernle et al (1995), albeit of low resolution, suggest that the EEC mantle is relatively thin at its SW margin and its thickness increases to the NE, and that the contact zone is underlain by an intermingled sequence of mantle rocks of varying velocities. Voss et al (2006) present similar data, claiming that the contact between TESZ and EEC is dipping at 30-45° to the NE.…”

Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Puziewicz et al (2017) suggested that its uppermost part is dominated by harzburgites of relatively low Mg/(Mg + Fe) 0.91. The continental-scale seismic studies (Hoernle et al 1995;Voss et al 2006) show that the EEC mantle is relatively thin at its SW margin and its thickness increases to the NE. This indicates that the EEC margin close to TESZ is underlain by a non-cratonic lithospheric mantle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The geophysical characteristic of the lower lithosphere and asthenosphere in the marginal zone of the East European Craton

Grad

Puziewicz

Majorowicz³

et al. 2018

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Seismic P-and S-wave velocities of the lower lithosphere and underlying asthenosphere at the SW margin of the East European Craton in northern Poland were obtained with different seismic techniques: seismic refraction, P-residuals of the first arrivals from teleseismic earthquakes, P-wave receiver function, and inversion of the Rayleigh surface wave dispersion curves, the last two using data collected in the passive seismic experiment "13 BB star". The uniform array consisted of 13 stations deployed in a 120 km in diameter area. Below the depth of 180-220 km a decrease of about 6% of the S-wave velocity is interpreted as a thermal gradient zone corresponding to a lithosphere-asthenosphere transition. The average mantle velocities down to a depth of 300 km beneath the array are relatively high, exceeding values for other Precambrian cratons by 0.1-0.2 km/s, and cannot be modeled by reasonable mantle peridotite compositions in the lithospheric part of the profile. We suggest that significant peridotite anisotropy could explain the misfit between measured and calculated seismic velocities in the lithosphere.

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“…A large differentiation of the seismic structure in the mantle was shown by Hoernle et al (1995). This model is consistent with recent models (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The geophysical characteristic of the lower lithosphere and asthenosphere in the marginal zone of the East European Craton

Grad

Puziewicz

Majorowicz³

et al. 2018

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…1), are believed to be derived from decompression melting of a mantle plume carrying an isotopically enriched, HIMU-type component originating from recycled oceanic lithosphere (e.g., Thirlwall, 1997;Widom et al, 1999;Lundstrom et al, 2003;Gurenko et al, 2006). The trace element and isotope geochemistry of mafic (MgO > 10 wt.%), low-silica (SiO 2 <46 wt.%) lavas from throughout the Canary Islands form arrays between a HIMU-like end-member and N-MORB, interpreted to reflect interaction of plume melts with depleted upper mantle (e.g., Hoernle et al, , 1995, or mixing between older (HIMU-like) and younger (MORB-like) recycled oceanic crustal components either within the plume (Widom et al, 1999) or in upwelling asthenosphere (Geldmacher et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enriched, HIMU-type peridotite and depleted recycled pyroxenite in the Canary plume: A mixed-up mantle

Gurenko

Sobolev

Hoernle

et al. 2009

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

114

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Components:abstract -280 words; 1,834 characters with spaces; main text -6,330 words; 41,109 characters with spaces; 5 figures, 2 tables; list of references includes 60 citations. * Corresponding author and present address:Andrey Gurenko, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Clark 114, MS#23, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA; Phone: +1 508 289-2405, Fax: +1 508-457-2175; E-mail: agurenko@whoi.edu 2 Abstract − The Earth's mantle is chemically and isotopically heterogeneous, and a component of recycled oceanic crust is generally suspected in the convecting mantle Mantle plumes from ancient oceanic crust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 57,[421][422][423][424][425][426][427][428][429][430][431][432][433][434][435][436]. Indeed, the HIMU component (high μ = 238 U/ 204 Pb), one of four isotopically distinct end-members in the Earth's mantle, is generally attributed to relatively old (≥1-2 Ga) recycled oceanic crust in the form of eclogite/pyroxenite, e.g. [Zindler and Hart, 1986. Chemical geodynamics. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet.Sci. 14, 493-571]. Although the presence of the recycled component is generally supported by element and isotopic data, little is known about its physical state at mantle depths. Here we show that the concentrations of Ni, Mn and Ca in olivine from the Canarian shield stage lavas, which can be used to asses the physical nature of the source material (peridotite versus olivine-free pyroxenite) [Sobolev et al., 2007. The amount of recycled crust in sources of mantle-derived melts. Science 316, 412-417], correlate strongly with bulk rock Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic ratios. The most important result following from our data is that the enriched, HIMU-type (having higher 206 Pb/ 204 Pb than generally found in the other mantle endmembers) signature of the Canarian hotspot magmas was not caused by a pyroxenite/eclogite constituent of the plume but appears to have been primarily hosted by peridotite. This implies that the old (older than ~1 Ga) ocean crust, which has more evolved radiogenic isotope compositions, was stirred into/reacted with the mantle so that there is not significant eclogite left, whereas younger recycled oceanic crust with depleted MORB isotopic signature (<1 Ga) can be preserved as eclogite, which when melted can generate reaction pyroxenite.

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“…Lonergan & White 1997;Duggen et al 2004;Faccenna et al 2004); a continental scale thermal mantle source (e.g. Hoernle et al 1995); and convective removal or gravitational collapse of thickened continental lithosphere (e.g. Platt & Visser 1989);…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal thickness and images of the lithospheric discontinuities in the Gibraltar arc and surrounding areas

Mancilla

Stich

Morales

et al. 2015

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YThe Gibraltar arc and surrounding areas are a complex tectonic region and its tectonic evolution since Miocene is still under debate. Knowledge of its lithospheric structure will help to understand the mechanisms that produced extension and westward motion of the Alboran domain, simultaneously with NW-SE compression driven by Africa-Europe plates convergence. We perform a P-wave receiver function analysis in which we analyse new data recorded at 83 permanent and temporary seismic broad-band stations located in the South of the Iberian peninsula. These data are stacked and combined with data from a previous study in northern Morocco to build maps of thickness and average v P /v S ratio for the crust, and cross-sections to image the lithospheric discontinuities beneath the Gibraltar arc, the Betic and Rif Ranges and their Iberian and Moroccan forelands. Crustal thickness values show strong lateral variations in the southern Iberia peninsula, ranging from ∼19 to ∼46 km. The Variscan foreland is characterized by a relatively flat Moho at ∼31 km depth, and an average v P /v S ratio of ∼1.72, similar to other Variscan terranes, which may indicate that part of the lower crustal orogenic root was lost. The thickest crust is found at the contact between the Alboran domain and the External Zones of the Betic Range, while crustal thinning is observed southeastern Iberia (down to 19 km) and in the Guadalquivir basin where the thinning at the Iberian paleomargin could be still preserved. In the cross-sections, we see a strong change between the eastern Betics, where the Iberian crust underthrusts and couples to the Alboran crust, and the western Betics, where the underthrusting Iberian crust becomes partially delaminated and enters into the mantle. The structures largely mirror those on the Moroccan side where a similar detachment was observed in northern Morocco. We attribute a relatively shallow strong negativepolarity discontinuity to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. This means relatively thin lithosphere ranging from ∼50 km thickness in southeastern Iberia and northeastern Morocco to ∼90-100 km beneath the western Betics and the Rif, with abrupt changes of ∼30 km under the central Betics and northern Morocco. Our observations support a geodynamic scenario where in western Betics oceanic subduction has developed into ongoing continental subduction/delamination while in eastern Betics this process is inactive.

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Seismic and geochemical evidence for large-scale mantle upwelling beneath the eastern Atlantic and western and central Europe

Cited by 377 publications

References 52 publications

The geophysical characteristic of the lower lithosphere and asthenosphere in the marginal zone of the East European Craton

The geophysical characteristic of the lower lithosphere and asthenosphere in the marginal zone of the East European Craton

Enriched, HIMU-type peridotite and depleted recycled pyroxenite in the Canary plume: A mixed-up mantle

Crustal thickness and images of the lithospheric discontinuities in the Gibraltar arc and surrounding areas

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